小龙虾下脚料中虾青素和甲壳素提取工艺研究  

Extraction Technology of Astaxanthin and Chitin from Crayfish Leftovers

作　　者：张乐宏 盖永强 王鹏 王耀宗 程致远 甄天元 朴美子[1] 李岩[1] ZHANG Le-hong;GAI Yong-qiang;WANG Peng;WANG Yao-zong;CHENG Zhi-yuan;ZHEN Tian-yuan;PIAO Mei-zi;LI Yan(College of Food Science and Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China;Jining Customs,Jining 272000,Shandong,China;Weifang Ying Xuan Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 262499,Shandong,China;School of Marine Science and Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266109 [2]济宁海关,山东济宁272000 [3]潍坊英轩实业有限公司,山东潍坊262499 [4]青岛农业大学海洋科学与工程学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2022年第14期141-151,共11页Food Research and Development

基　　金：青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金项目(663-1118006)。

摘　　要：我国每年会产生大量的虾头、虾壳、虾尾等富含虾青素和甲壳素等高经济价值成分的下脚料。以小龙虾下脚料为原料进行虾青素和甲壳素的连续提取,首先对原料进行去蛋白质处理,然后采用乙酸乙酯浸提法提取虾青素,最后采用HCl/NaOH浸提法从剩余固体中提取甲壳素。通过单因素及响应面优化试验,确定最佳虾青素提取工艺条件:料液比1∶19(g/mL)、浸提时间120 min、浸提温度34℃,此条件下虾青素提取量为67.40μg/g;最佳甲壳素提取工艺条件:HCl溶液浓度1 mol/L、HCl溶液浸泡时间20 min、NaOH溶液浓度1 mol/L、NaOH溶液浸泡时间6.5 min,此条件下甲壳素提取率为24.13%。In my country,a large amount of scraps rich in astaxanthin and chitin and other high economic value components are produced every year.Continuous extraction of astaxanthin and chitin was carried out with crayfish leftovers as raw materials.To be specific,the raw materials were deproteinized,and astaxanthin was extracted by the ethyl acetate extraction method,followed by the extraction of chitin from the remaining solids by the HCl/NaOH extraction method.Through single factor test and response surface methodology optimization,the optimal extraction conditions for astaxanthin were determined as follows:the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1∶19(g/mL),the extraction time of 120 min,and the extraction temperature of 34℃.Under the above conditions,the extraction rate of astaxanthin could reach 67.40μg/g.The optimal extraction conditions for chitin were obtained as follows:HCl solution concentration of 1 mol/L,soaking time in HCl solution of 20 min,NaOH solution concentration of 1 mol/L,and soaking time in NaOH solution of 6.5 min,and the extraction rate of chitin under these conditions was 24.13%.

关 键 词：小龙虾下脚料 虾青素 甲壳素 单因素试验 响应面法 提取工艺 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]