不同环境因子对扩展青霉和指状青霉生长和产酸的影响  

Effects of different environmental factors on the growth and acid production of Penicillium expansum and Penicillium digitatum

作　　者：李有媛 邹华英 焦文晓 杜雅珉 傅茂润[1] LI You-Yuan;ZOU Hua-Ying;JIAO Wen-Xiao;DU Ya-Min;FU Mao-Run(School of Food Science&Engineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Science),Jinan 250353,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)食品科学与工程学院,济南250353

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第15期5044-5052,共9页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：山东省优秀青年科学基金项目(ZR2019YQ16);山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2020QC246);山东省大学生创新创业训练项目(S202110431090);科教产融合试点工程基础类研究项目(2022PYI011)。

摘　　要：目的 考察不同环境因子对两种典型果蔬采后致病菌扩展青霉(Penicillium expansum)和指状青霉(Penicillium digitatum)生长和产酸的影响,明确两株青霉菌最佳的生长及产酸条件。方法 本研究在实验室环境下模拟不同营养、温度、pH及光照条件,通过对青霉菌落直径的大小以及培养基pH的变化来评估不同环境因子对扩展青霉和指状青霉生长及产酸的影响。结果 在实验给定的条件下,最适宜扩展青霉生长的培养基为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基,温度为25℃, pH为6,光照条件为黑暗环境;最适宜扩展青霉产酸的培养基为察氏培养基,温度为25℃, pH为10,光照条件为黑暗环境。最适宜指状青霉生长的培养基为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基,温度为20℃, pH为4,光照条件为黑暗环境;最适宜指状青霉产酸的培养基为沙氏培养基,温度为20℃, pH为8,光照条件为黑暗环境。结论 两种青霉菌在生长和产酸的最适外界环境条件上有异同点,且指状青霉对温度和pH较扩展青霉更加敏感。Objective To investigate the effects of different environmental factors on the growth and acid production of 2 kinds of typical postharvest pathogens of fruits and vegetables including Penicillium expansum and Penicillium digitatum, and determine the optimal conditions for the growth and acid production of the 2 kinds of Penicillium. Methods In this study, the effects of different environmental factors on the growth and acid production of P. expansum and P. digitatum were evaluated by measuring the size of Penicillium colony diameter and the change of pH of culture medium under the simulation of different nutritional temperature pH and light conditions in the laboratory environment. Results Under the conditions given in the experiment, the most suitable medium for the growth of P. expansum was potato dextrose agar medium, the temperature was 25℃, the pH was 6, and the light condition was dark environment;the most suitable medium for P. expansum to produce acid was Czapek dox agar medium, the temperature was 25℃, the pH was 10, and the light condition was dark environment;the most suitable medium for the growth of P. digitatum was potato dextrose agar medium, the temperature was 20℃, the pH was 4,and the light condition was dark environment;the most suitable medium for acid production of P. digitatum was Sabouraud dextrose medium, the temperature was 20℃, the pH was 8, and the light condition was dark environment.Conclusion There are similarities and differences between the 2 kinds of Penicillium in the optimal external environmental conditions for growth and acid production, and P. digitatum was more sensitive to temperature and pH than P. expansum.

关 键 词：扩展青霉 指状青霉 PH 培养基 温度 光照 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]