北京市院前急救护士离职意愿影响因素研究  

Study on the influencing factors of turnover intention of pre-hospital emergency nurses in Beijing

作　　者：冯星淼 贾朋雨 王亚东[1] 管仲军 孟开[1] Feng Xingmiao;Jia Pengyu;Wang Yadong;Guan Zhongjun;Meng Kai(School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院,北京100070

出　　处：《中华医院管理杂志》2022年第4期256-261,共6页Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration

基　　金：中国人民政治协商会议北京市委员会办公厅委托课题(2019)。

摘　　要：目的分析北京市院前急救护士离职意愿的影响因素,为降低院前急救护士离职率、稳定院前急救护理队伍提供参考。方法选取北京市2所急救中心的院前急救护士为调查对象,于2019年9月采用自行设计的问卷进行线上问卷调查,问卷内容包括主要人口学特征、工作量、医患关系、职业认同、职业倦怠以及离职意愿。对数据进行描述性分析,单因素分析采用秩和检验及Kappa一致性检验,多因素分析采用有序logistic回归分析。结果共回收有效问卷340份,其中141人(41.5%)表示偶尔考虑离职,40人(11.7%)表示经常考虑离职,职业认同得分为(33.29±6.00)分,职业倦怠得分为(63.70±14.90)分。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、工作单位、健康自评状况、职业认同水平、职业倦怠水平、工作年限、工作量、医患关系以及职称晋升压力的护士离职意愿不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,职业倦怠水平、平均每班次出车次数、健康自评状况与离职意愿呈正相关,职业认同水平与离职意愿呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论北京市院前急救护士离职意愿较高,建议相关部门建立合理排班制度并增加岗位人员配置;建立院前急救护士分流政策与职称晋升制度,并设立岗位风险特殊津贴;培养医疗救护员承担患者转运和搬抬工作,以降低院前急救护士的离职意愿。Objective To explore the influencing factors of turnover intention of pre-hospital emergency nurses in Beijing,and provide references for reducing the turnover rate of pre-hospital emergency nurses and stabilizing the pre-hospital emergency nursing team.Methods Pre-hospital emergency nurses from 2 emergency centers in Beijing were selected as the survey objects,and a self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct an online survey in September 2019.The questionnaire covered such aspects as the main demographic characteristics,workload,doctor-patient relationship,professional identity,job burnout and turnover intention.Descriptive analysis was conducted for the data,while rank-sum test and Kappa consistency test were used for univariate analysis,and ordered logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.Results A total of 340 valid questionnaires were received,among which 41.5%(141)of the nurses said that they occasionally considered quitting,11.7%(40)said they often considered quitting,while the scoring of professional identity was(33.29±6.00),and that of job burnout was(63.70±14.90).Univariate analysis showed that age,work units,self-rated health status,professional identity,job burnout,seniority,workload,doctor-patient relationship,and pressure of title promotion were significant(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that job burnout,average number of car trips per shift,and self-rated health status were positively correlated with turnover intention,while professional identity was negatively correlated with turnover intention(P<0.05).Conclusions The turnover intention of pre-hospital emergency nurses in Beijing was found at a high level.The authorities are recommended to rationalize the scheduling system and increase the staffing of pre-hospital emergency nurses;establish the diversion policy,title promotion system and post risk special allowance for such nurses;and train medical aid workers to undertake the transfer and lifting of patients,so as to reduce the turnover intention

关 键 词：卫生人力 院前急救 护士 离职意愿 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197.32[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]