2011-2021年河南省市售食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染状况调查  

Analysis on contamination of Bacillus cereus in food in Henan province from 2011 to 2021

作　　者：崔莹[1] 戚浩彧 张濛[1] 邱正勇[1] 吴玲玲[1] 李艳芬[1] 张广伟[1] 李辉[1] CUI Ying;QI Haoyu;ZHANG Meng;QIU Zhengyong;WU Lingling;LI Yanfen;ZHANG Guangwei;LI Hui(Henan Center for Diseases Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《河南预防医学杂志》2022年第8期569-571,630,共4页Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2019年度河南省医学科技攻关计划(联合共建)项目(LHGJ20190699)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2011-2021年河南省市售食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染状况。方法 参照相应年度《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》,每年在河南省18个市级监测点采集市售食品,对采集的食品样品开展蜡样芽胞杆菌的定性和定量检测。结果 2011-2021年18个监测点共采集食品样本5 894份,蜡样芽胞杆菌总检出率为12.22%(720/5 894)。2015年检出率最高(18.69%,60/321),2017年检出率最低(5.38%,22/409);速冻米面食品检出率最高(17.65%,3/17),其次为粮食制品(17.31%,36/208);街头摊点采集的食品检出率最高(19.25%,124/644),其次为小吃店(17.03%,94/552);散装食品的检出率(13.37%,472/3 530)高于预包装食品的检出率(10.49%,248/2 364)(P<0.05);夏秋季售卖食品检出率(13.04%,518/3 972)高于冬春季售卖食品的检出率(10.51%,202/1 922)(P<0.05)。632份样品通过稀释培养测数(MPN)法检测,定量结果中位数(P_(50))<0.3 MPN/g(mL);5 178份通过平板计数法检测,P_(50)<10 CFU/g(m L)。结论 近年来河南省市售食品中存在不同程度的蜡样芽胞杆菌污染,尤其是米面制品,相关监管部门应加强食品的安全监测与管理。Objective To understand the contamination of Bacillus cereus in food in Henan province from 2011 to 2021.Methods According to the Manual for National Food Safety Risk Monitoring(2011-2021),food samples were collected from market in Henan,and were qualitatively and quantitatively tested for Bacillus cereus.Results From 2011 to 2021,a total of 5894 samples were collected from 18 monitoring sites,the detection rate of Bacillus cereus was 12.22%(720/5 894).The detection rate was the highest in 2015(18.69%,60/321) and the lowest in 2017(5.38%,22/409).The detection rate was the highest(17.65%,3/17) in quick-frozen food made of rice and flour,followed by cereal product(17.31%,36/208).The detection rate was the highest in food samples from street stall(19.25%,124/644),followed by snackbar(17.03%,94/552).The detection rate in bulk food(13.37%,472/3 530) was higher than that in prepackage food(10.49%,248/2 364)(P<0.05).The detection rate in food samples sold in summer and autumn(13.04%,518/3 972) was higher than that in winter and spring(10.51%,202/1922)(P<0.05).The median of the detection result in the 632 samples which were detected by most probable number method was <0.3 MPN/g(mL).The median of the detection result in the 5 178 samples which were detected by colony forming units method was <10 CFU/g(mL).Conclusion There were different degrees of Bacillus cereus contamination in food sold in the markets of Henan province,especially in rice noodle products.It is necessary for relevant departments to strengthen supervision and management of food safety.

关 键 词：蜡样芽胞杆菌 食品 食品污染 卫生监测 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]