超高压处理对牡蛎中GII.4型诺如病毒的消减控制  

Inactivation Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure on GII.4 Norovirus in Oysters

作　　者：佟利惠 杨敏 赵峰 苏来金 王珊珊[2] 周德庆[2] Tong Lihui;Yang Min;Zhao Feng;Su Laijin;Wang Shanshan;Zhou Deqing(College of Food Science and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Yellow China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Bioproducts Products,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,Shandong;College of Biology and Food Engeineering,Chongqing Three Gorges university,Chongqing 404100;College of Life and Environmental Science,Wenzhou University,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection,Wenzhou 325035,Zhejiang;Wenzhou Characteristic Food Resources Engineering and Technology Research Center,Wenzhou 325006,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋药物与生物制品功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]重庆三峡学院生物与食品工程学院,重庆404100 [4]温州大学生命与环境科学学院,浙江省水环境与海洋生物资源保护重点实验室,浙江温州325035 [5]温州市特色食品资源工程技术研究中心,浙江温州325006

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2022年第8期127-135,共9页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2019YFD0901702);烟台市科技计划项目(2019ZDCX011)。

摘　　要：诺如病毒(NoVs)是世界范围内引起非细菌性胃肠炎的主要病原体。为研究不同压力条件的超高压处理对牡蛎中NoVs消减控制的影响,将GⅡ.4型NoVs分别置于牡蛎消化腺匀浆和PBS缓冲液中,采用压力分别为200,300,400,500 MPa,加压初始温度5℃,保压时间5 min进行处理,并以常压(0.1 MPa)处理为对照组。采用PMAxx-RT-qPCR与透射电子显微镜检测超高压处理后的NoVs,评价不同压力对牡蛎消化腺匀浆和PBS缓冲液中GⅡ.4型NoVs的消减效果;测定超高压处理后牡蛎丙二醛含量和蛋白质巯基含量,评价超高压处理对牡蛎中脂肪和蛋白质的影响。研究结果显示:PMAxx可有效区分感染性NoVs;qPCR检测发现经不同压力的超高压处理后,牡蛎消化腺匀浆和缓冲液中NoVs的RNA拷贝数均显著减少,当压力为500 MPa时,牡蛎和缓冲液中的RNA拷贝数减少量分别>3.49 lg(copies/μL)和>3.61 lg(copies/μL),均降至检测限以下;超高压处理对PBS缓冲液中NoVs的消减效果优于牡蛎消化腺匀浆,还可使牡蛎中脂肪氧化和蛋白质变性,然而,改变程度小于热处理。Noroviruses(NoVs)are the major pathogens causing non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis in the world.To investigate the inactivation effect of high hydrostatic pressure(HHP)on NoVs in oysters under different pressure conditions and the effect of PMAxx in distinguishing infectious NoVs,GⅡ.4 NoVs in oyster digestive gland homogenate and PBS buffer were subjected to HHP treatment with pressure conditions of 200,300,400,500 MPa,respectively,at the initial pressure temperature was 5℃and holding time of 5 min.The normal pressure(0.1 MPa)was used as the control group.After HHP treatment,PMAxx combined with RT-qPCR was applied for the detection of infectious NoVs,transmission electron microscope was used to observe the morphology of NoVs,and then the effect of different pressures on the reduction of GII.4 NoVs was calculated.The effects of HHP treatment on lipids and proteins were evaluated by measuring the malondialdehyde content and protein sulfhydryl content of oysters.The results showed that PMAxx-RT-qPCR could effectively distinguish infectious NoVs.After the HHP treatment of each pressure,NoVs in oyster digestive gland homogenate and PBS buffer showed significant reduction,and the reduction of NoVs in oyster and PBS buffer was>3.49 lg(copies/μL)and>3.61 lg(copies/μL)at the pressure of 500 MPa,respectively,and both of them were reduced below the detection limit;the effect of NoVs in the PBS buffer was better than that of oyster digestive gland homogenate;although the HHP treatment promoted fat oxidation and protein degradation in oysters,the effect on oyster quality was still better than that of heat treatment.

关 键 词：超高压 诺如病毒 牡蛎 消减 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]