基于“生师比”的政校治理权限与改进策略  

Relationships between Government and School Based on “Student-Teacher Ratio”

作　　者：杨玉浩 YANG Yu-hao(Collegeof Marxism,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学马克思主义学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（教育科学版）》2022年第5期106-114,共9页Journal of Ningbo University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：广东省高等教育教学改革项目“‘新农科’的时代内涵及华南农业大学建设方案初探”(JG19089)。

摘　　要：近年来,高校教师长聘制、预聘制等变革引发热议,但其背后的决定性因素在于政校治理权限,政校治理权限划分的基本依据是学生和教师,因而生师比是各类办学评估的核心指标。根据“生”“师”的普查概念,解析其背后蕴含复杂的人员类型,以及政府、高校各自在招生和教师聘用方面的管理方式及权限,并提出未来提升高校治理能力的两类假设。首先,对扩大高校招生自主权的三个假设论证发现,中央政府仍需掌握招生名额分配权,未来改革方向在招生名额配置方式上寻求出路,建议按照学科(专业)配置招生名额,发挥学科(专业)生源选拔的自主性;其次,对扩大高校岗位总量编制权的两个假设论证发现,政府需完善岗位总量核定方式,弱化身份管理,建议根据办学基本条件合格标准,逆向核定学校岗位总量,通过编制内外人员待遇明细等同化,弱化身份观念。Long-term recruitment and preparatory recruitment of college teachers have become a subject of wide concern, which is considered in the sense of administrative division of governments and colleges according to the student-faculty ratio, a major indicator in assessing a university’s performance. This paper aims to consider the complex personnel types, management and authorities of governments and universities in terms of enrollment and faculty recruitment, and explore assumptions to improve the governance ability of universities in the future.Research on the autonomy of college enrollment found that the central government still needs to control the allocation of enrollment quota, and that the future reform focuses on the approach toward the allocation of quotas,proposing that the enrollment quota should be allocated according to disciplines(majors) to give full play to the autonomy of the selection of disciplines. Its two hypothesis arguments found that the right to planning the number of posts needs to be expanded in colleges and universities, recommending that the government needs to improve the examination and approval of the total number of posts and weaken the identity management, and that reverse check is needed according to the qualification standard of a college ’s basic running conditions through assimilating the treatment of authorized and unauthorized personnel to downtown the concept of identity.

关 键 词：办学自主权 政校关系 教育治理能力 生师比 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]