轮径差对有轨电车侧向过岔动力性能影响  

Influence of wheel diameter difference on dynamic performance of tram cars passing through turnout

作　　者：赵思琪 徐井芒[1,2] 马前涛 陈嘉胤 王平[1,2] ZHAO Siqi;XU Jingmang;MA Qiantao;CHEN Jiayin;WANG Ping(Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering of Ministry of Education,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2022年第8期2397-2406,共10页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51778542,51978586,U1734207)。

摘　　要：由于小号码道岔曲线半径小,道岔的钢轨截面形状变化急剧,有轨电车侧向通过道岔时的轮轨冲击大,而轮径差的存在会改变轮对的入岔姿态并加剧其轮轨相互作用力,严重影响有轨电车的行车安全性并增大其脱轨风险。为研究轮径差对小号码道岔有轨电车动力学性能的影响,以100%低地板有轨电车和59R2槽型轨3号道岔为研究对象,基于迹线法理论考虑不同轮径差对道岔轮轨接触几何关系的影响,利用多体动力学软件建立的有轨电车-道岔耦合动力学模型系统地分析有轨电车在不同轮径差形式和幅值下侧逆向通过小号码道岔的动力学性能。研究结果表明:当小轮径车轮位于尖轨侧和基本轨侧时随着轮径差的增大,轮载过渡位置分别为越延后和越提前;等值反相和后轮对轮径差形式对有轨电车侧向过岔的动力学性能影响较大,当轮径差幅值达到一定值后,有轨电车的脱轨系数和轮重减载率将超过安全限值,严重影响有轨电车的过岔安全性;等值同相和前轮对轮径差形式对有轨电车侧向过岔的动力学性能影响较小。Due to the small curve radius of the small turnout,the rail cross-section shape of the turnout changes sharply,and the wheel-rail impact is large when the tram passes the turnout laterally.The difference in wheel diameter will change the turnout posture of the wheelset and aggravate the wheel-rail interaction force,which will seriously affect the safety of trams and increase the risk of derailment.In order to study the influence of wheel diameter difference on the dynamic performance of small-number turnout trams,100%low-floor tram and 59R2 trough rail No.3 turnout were taken as the research objects.Based on the trajectory method theory,considering the influence of different wheel diameter differences on the geometric relationship of the turnout wheel-rail contact,the tram-turnout coupling dynamics model established by multi-body dynamics software systematically analyzed the dynamic performance of tram passing small-number turnout in reverse direction under different wheel diameter differences and amplitudes.Research indicates:When the small wheel diameter wheel is located on the side of the switch rail and the side of the basic rail,as the wheel diameter difference increases,the wheel load transition positions are delayed and earlier,respectively.Equivalent phase and rear wheel-to-wheel diameter difference forms have a greater impact on the dynamic performance of tram passing through turnout.When the amplitude of wheel diameter differences reaches a certain value,the derailment coefficient and wheel load reduction of tram.The rate will exceed the safety limit,which will seriously affect the safety of tram.Equivalent phase and front wheel-to-wheel diameter difference have little effect on the dynamic performance of tram passing through turnout.

关 键 词：有轨电车 小号码道岔 轮径差 轮轨接触几何 动力学性能 

分 类 号：U213.61[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]