钢轨磨耗对道岔区车辆动态脱轨行为影响分析  

A Study on Influence of Rail Wear on Dynamic Derailment Behavior in Railway Turnout Area

作　　者：赖军 徐井芒[1,2] 王平[1,2] 廖涛[1,2] 陈嵘[1,2] LAI Jun;XU Jingmang;WANG Ping;LIAO Tao;CHEN Rong(Key Laboratory of High-speed Railway Engineering,Ministry of Education,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学高速铁路线路工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2022年第9期87-94,共8页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52122810,51978586)。

摘　　要：小号码道岔区钢轨磨耗严重,易诱发车辆爬轨掉道,严重影响车辆的正常运行和轨道养护维修。基于多体系统动力学理论,建立货运列车-6号对称道岔动态脱轨仿真计算模型,通过在车体重心施加横向力和抗侧滚力矩以实现车辆爬轨脱轨,模型考虑了轴箱及斜楔等部位的非线性特性。为研究道岔钢轨磨耗对车辆动态脱轨机理的影响,对道岔钢轨廓形进行跟踪测试,将实测廓形输入到动力学软件中,对比研究标准廓形和不同磨耗程度廓形对列车动态脱轨行为的影响,揭示动态脱轨临界状态下列车在岔区的脱轨轨迹、运动姿态、脱轨系数和车轮抬升量等关键指标的变化规律。研究结果表明:随着磨耗程度的加剧,车辆导向轮掉道位置距尖轨尖端越近;仿真结果的车轮爬轨位置、掉道位置和脱轨轨迹与现场调研结果较为一致;车辆更容易在磨耗道岔钢轨上发生爬轨脱轨,作用在车体上的横向力降低了20%。Serious rail wear in small-size turnout area may cause wheel flange climb derailment, which seriously affects the normal operation of vehicles and track maintenance. Based on the multi-body dynamic theory, a freight train-turnout dynamic derailment simulation model was established. By applying the lateral force and anti-roll moment to the center of gravity of the car-body to realize the wheel flange climb, the model considered the nonlinear characteristics of the axle box and wedge. To study the influence of turnout rail wear on the dynamic derailment mechanism of the vehicle, the rail profiles of the switch panel were tracked and tested. By inputting the tested profiles into the dynamics software, the effects of standard profile and profiles with different wear levels on the dynamic derailment behavior of the train were compared. The changes of key indicators such as derailment trajectory, motion postures, derailment coefficient, and wheel lift were revealed when the empty wagon passed the turnout area under the derailment critical condition. The results show that with the aggravation of wear, the dropping position of the front wheel is closer to the front of the switch rail. The simulation results of dynamic derailment are well agreed with the field investigation of derailment. The vehicle is more likely to climb and derail at the worn turnout rail. The lateral force on the car-body is reduced by 20% when compared to the standard rail profile.

关 键 词：铁路道岔 爬轨脱轨 车/岔动力学 轮轨接触 重载列车 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]