提高形声字声旁利用率的汉字教学和习得策略  

Chinese Character Teaching and Acquisition Strategies to Improve the Utilization Rate of Phonetic Symbols

作　　者：李禄兴[1] LI Luxing

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际文化交流学院

出　　处：《国际汉语教学研究》2022年第3期10-19,共10页Journal of International Chinese Teaching

基　　金：教育部中外语言交流合作中心国际中文教育重点资助项目“大变革时代国际中文教育新模态、新对策研究”的研究成果。

摘　　要：本文以《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》的1~5级汉字为研究范围,以母语为拼音文字的初级汉语学习者为研究对象,选取32个具有代表性的形声字为被测字,以问卷调查和访谈的形式探究初级水平汉语学习者在形声字认读过程中的声旁运用情况,并着重分析不能类推和类推不规则形声字的教学和习得策略,包括培养声旁判断意识、声旁利用意识、声旁局限意识、形声字构成意识,掌握声旁利用策略、声旁有效类推策略、声旁读音验证策略等。This paper takes the Chinese characters of grades 1-5 in the Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education as the research scope,takes the primary Chinese learners whose mother tongue is phonographic characters as the research object,selects 32 representative pictophonetic characters as the tested words,and explores the use of phonetic symbols in the process of pictophonetic character recognition by primary Chinese learners in the form of questionnaires and interviews.The teaching and acquisition strategies of pictophonetic characters that cannot be analogized and irregular pictophonetic characters that can be analogized are emphatically analyzed,mainly including the cultivation of awareness of phonetic radicals judgment,awareness of phonetic radicals utilization,awareness of phonetic radicals limitation,awareness of pictophonetic character composition,and the mastery of phonetic radicals utilization strategies,effective analogy strategies of phonetic radicals,and verification strategies of phonetic radicals pronunciatin,etc.

关 键 词：形声字 声旁 汉字教学 汉字习得 国际中文教育 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]