迈向大学学科:论世界一流学科研究新范式  

Towards University Discipline: On the New Research Paradigm of World-Class Disciplines

作　　者：武建鑫 WU Jianxin(College of Education,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi'an710021)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学教育学院,西安710021

出　　处：《大学与学科》2022年第2期23-40,共18页Universities and disciplines

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“世界一流学科的成长机理及培育策略研究”(CIA190276);陕西省社会科学基金项目“陕西地方高校推进‘四个一流’建设策略研究”(2019Q020);中国学位与研究生教育学会面上课题“地方行业特色型大学‘三机制六维度’研究生教育质量保障体系研究与实践”(2020MSA146)。

摘　　要：区别于以往只关注自身发展的“目标学科”研究范式,“大学学科”研究范式对于探索世界一流学科之道有着重要的价值。大学学科与一般意义上的学科内涵不同,它更加关注学科对人才培养的支撑力,学科之间的知识网络关系,以及通过学科建设引领大学的未来发展。鉴于“大学学科”研究范式所蕴含的既协同共生又相互竞争的内部关系,有关世界一流学科的研究场域应当从“院系组织”转向“大学组织”,进而从学科成长,学科、专业、课程一体化发展,学科制度、学科文化和学科评价层面深入探索其内在机理。基于新一轮“双一流”建设的实践诉求,面向未来的研究方略应当扎根本土实践,探索中国特色世界一流学科建设经验;面向科技创新,协调知识、技术、人类可持续发展;基于学科组织,持续完善学科生态系统的理论体系;促进交叉融合,重塑学科系统结构以塑造大学的未来。Different from the previous research paradigm of “target discipline” that only focuses on the development of a specific discipline itself, the research paradigm of “university discipline” has important value in exploring the way of building world-class disciplines. The connotation of university discipline is different from that of discipline in a general sense. It pays more attention to the support of disciplines for talent cultivation, the knowledge network relationship, and the future development of a university through discipline construction. In view of the internal relations that are both synergistic and competitive among different disciplines in the research paradigm of “university discipline”, the research field of world-class disciplines should shift from “department organization” to “university organization”. Furthermore, the internal mechanism of the discipline growth, the integrated development of disciplines, specialties and courses, the discipline system, the discipline culture and the discipline evaluation should be explored in greater depth. In light of the practical demands at the new round of the “Double World-Class Project”, future-oriented research strategies should take root in Chinese practice and explore experiences of building world-class disciplines with Chinese characteristics;adapt to the sci-tech innovation and coordinate knowledge, technology and sustainable development;take strengths from disciplinary organization and continue to improve the theoretical system of the disciplinary ecosystem;promote disciplinary integration and re-construct the disciplinary system in order to shape the future of universities.

关 键 词：大学学科 世界一流学科 研究范式 大学场域 学科系统 

分 类 号：G649.1[文化科学—高等教育学]