职业教育人才培养的生态化转向——基于芬伯格技术整体论的视角  

Ecological Turn of Modern Vocational Education Talent Cultivation——Based on Perspective of Feenberg’s Technological Holism

作　　者：陈柳 赵志群[2] CHEN Liu;Zhao Zhi-qun(Institute of Vocational and Further Education,National Institute of Education Sciences,Beijing,100088;Institute of Vocational and Adult Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875)

机构地区：[1]中国教育科学研究院职业与继续教育研究所,北京100088 [2]北京师范大学职业与成人教育研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2022年第4期132-139,共8页Tsinghua Journal of Education

基　　金：中国教育科学研究院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资助“对职业教育类型定位的学理探讨”(GYJ2021036)。

摘　　要：增强适应性是实现职业教育高质量发展的必然取向。传统的技术观认为,技术的本质是永恒不变的,技术设计被限定在初级工具化层次上,导致现代技术与人和自然之间的对立。这一观念影响下的职业教育追求“去技能化”,强调在去除情境的前提下将工作过程还原为易于控制的零碎程序。相比之下,芬伯格推行的是一种生态技术观,认为技术的本质是变化无常的,拥抱不确定性,既能适应第四次工业革命的发展,又重构了技术、人、自然的和谐关系。职业教育应该秉持这种技术整体论,从培养目标、教学设计、学业评价等方面及时作出调整,将经济、文化、道德、政治、审美等要素纳入技术设计的内在结构,继而推动人才培养的生态化转向。Enhancing adaptability is the inevitable orientation to achieve vocational education’s high-quality development. The traditional view of technology insists that the nature of technology is unchanging and permanent. Technical design is limited to “primary tools, ” resulting in antagonism among technology, man and nature. Under this view, vocational education starts to pursue deskilling and emphasizes simplifying the working process into fragmentary procedures, which is easy to control on the decontextualized premise. In contrast, Fennberg’s view of ecological technology supports that the nature of technology is change and impermanence. It embraces uncertainty, which can better adapt to the development of the fourth industrial revolution and reconstruct harmonious relationships among technology, man and nature. Vocational education should adhere to this technology holism, make necessary adjustments in cultivation goals, instructional design and learning evaluation, incorporate economy, culture, morality, politics and aesthetics into the inner structure of the technical design, and finally promote ecological development of talent cultivation.

关 键 词：职业教育 芬伯格 技术整体论 去技能化 生态化 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]