基于层次分析法的南极磷虾瞄准捕捞网口路径规划  

Path planning of Antarctic krill targeted fishing net based on analytic hierarchy process

作　　者：姚宇青 戴阳[2] 王鲁民[2] 王书献 陈帅[2] 杨胜龙[2] 石永闯 YAO Yuqing;DAI Yang;WANG Lumin;WANG Shuxian;CHEN Shuai;YANG Shenglong;SHI Yongchuang(College of Information,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Fisheries Remote Sensing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;School of Navigation and Naval Architecture,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学信息学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部渔业遥感重点实验室,上海200090 [3]大连海洋大学航海与船舶工程学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2022年第5期598-609,共12页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901501);上海市2020年度科技创新行动计划(20dz1206400)。

摘　　要：为克服人工规划网口捕捞路线的主观性和滞后性,提高我国南极磷虾捕捞的自动化水平,设计了基于层次分析法的南极磷虾捕捞网口前进路线规划体系。在分析磷虾虾群体积反向散射强度数据图像获得磷虾的局部密度中心位置的基础上,以3次B样条曲线为路径规划器,构造磷虾虾群的路径簇。采用层次分析法建立路线评价模型,评价候选路线的优劣,以经济性和可控性为准则,以捕捞率、路径长度、平均曲率、拐点个数量化各个指标,构造路径择优体系,获得最优路径。在现有实测数据基础上的实验结果表明,本算法磷虾捕捞率为94.33%,比人工规划路线的捕捞率多了9.80%、规划路线平均总耗时为2.5 s,可以满足磷虾捕捞网口前进实时规划的要求,有利于实现瞄准捕捞,提高捕捞效率,降低人工成本。The exploitation and utilization of Antarctic krill originated in the 1970 s.The former Soviet Union adopted the traditional trawl technology for the first trial fishing,followed by Japan,Norway,Poland and other countries to carry out the commercial fishing of Antarctic krill.At present,the commercial fishing of Antarctic krill is all trawling,and the main two kinds of nets are net trawl and truss trawl.The truss trawl has less influence on the horizontal expansion of the net due to the fixed length of the truss,and the fishing efficiency is higher than that of the net trawl.There are single ship operation and mother ship multi-ship operation in the towing mode.In obtaining the catch,there are artificial collection of the catch through the net and the way of collecting the catch by pumping.In krill fishing in Japan and South Korea,electro-hydraulic automatic control of net hoisting and setting has been realized.In the process of trawling,the balance of the trawl and the shape of the net can be adjusted by controlling the acoustic image of the fishing instrument.Norway is the country with the highest level of automation and fishing efficiency in Antarctic krill fishing at present.The SAGA Sea vessel built by Norway adopts underwater continuous pumping fishing technology for the characteristics of strong clustering and wide area.The main core equipment of the technology system is the shrimp suction pump,the supporting power pipeline of the pump and the krill transport hose.The shrimp suction pump is connected with the net capsule.In the process of trawling,the catch of krill in the net capsule is continuously transported to the fishing vessel by the suction pump through the transport hose.This method is called continuous fishing because it does not need to interrupt the fishing operation by picking up the catch of the net.Continuous fishing greatly reduces the number of times of raising and releasing nets,avoids the squeeze on catches,and ensures the quality of krill catches.It is one of the most advanced krill fis

关 键 词：南极磷虾 层次分析法 3次B样条曲线 路径规划 

分 类 号：S973.9[农业科学—捕捞与储运]