外语课堂互动中教师话语对学生思维发展的支架作用  

Teacher Talk as Scaff olding the Development of Students’Thinking in EFL Classroom Interactions

作　　者：杜小双 张莲[2] Du Xiaoshuang;Zhang Lian(School of Foreign Languages,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China;School of English and International Studies,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学外国语学院,430079 [2]北京外国语大学英语学院,100089

出　　处：《北京第二外国语学院学报》2022年第5期101-118,共18页Journal of Beijing International Studies University

基　　金：2021年北京外国语大学“双一流”建设重大标志性项目“思辨英语教学研究与推广”(项目编号:2021SYLZD002)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：师生互动是外语课堂学习发生的重要机制,其中教师话语对师生互动效果产生直接影响。本研究从社会文化理论视角探究高校英语课堂教师话语对学生思维发展的支架作用。研究采用课堂话语分析的方法,分析国内某高校英语专业本科二年级精读课堂的互动情况,探究教师话语支架的功能、过程及特征。数据分析结果显示:①教师话语为学生参与思维活动提供支架,促进了学生逐步加深和拓展思考;②支架的构建和撤离具有自发性和即时性的特点,有效支架的前提是教师准确研判学生现有的经验和认知水平以及潜在的发展空间;③学生思维发展是外语课堂教学的重要目标,其中教师话语起关键的支架作用。本研究对外语课堂教学中的师生互动和思维培养具有一定启示。Teacher-student interactions are an important mechanism for learning in foreign-language classrooms,and teacher talk has an immediate eff ect on the quality of teacher-student interactions.By adopting the sociocultural theory,the study investigated the scaffolding function of teacher talk in the development of students’thinking in a university EFL classroom.Taking the classroom discourse analysis approach,this study analyzed the teacher-student interactions in an intensive English reading class at a university in the North China area over a semester,and examined the functions,processes,and features of teacher scaffolding.The main findings of the study were:1)Teacher talk provided scaff olding for students to engage in thinking activities,which deepened and expanded the students’thinking;2)the construction and withdrawal of scaff olding were spontaneous,real-time processes,as the premise of effective scaffolding is that the teacher is clear about the students’current experiences and cognitive levels,as well as their potential developmental space;and 3)the development of students’thinking should be the goal of instruction in foreign-language classrooms in which teacher talk plays the key role of scaffolding.This study has important implications for teacherstudent interactions and for developing students’thinking in EFL classrooms.

关 键 词：教师话语 支架 社会文化理论 外语课堂互动 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]