油茶壳基质结合富锌、富硒栽培的香菇营养品质及其蛋白质营养价值分析  

Study on the Nutritional Quality and Protein Nutrition Value of Lentinus edodes Cultured on the Basis of Camellia oleifera Shell Combined with Zinc and Selenium

作　　者：薛晨光 冮洁 邓海平 潘玲 宋文俊 杨新鹏 关颖贤 XUE Chen-guang;GANG Jie;DENG Hai-ping;PAN Ling;SONG Wen-jun;YANG Xin-peng;GUAN Ying-xian(School of Life Science,Dalian Minzu University,Dalian Liaoning 116605,China;Tongren Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tongren Guizhou 554300,China;Tongren Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Tongren Guizhou 554300,China)

机构地区：[1]大连民族大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116605 [2]贵州省铜仁市农业科学院,贵州铜仁554300 [3]贵州省铜仁市林业科学院,贵州铜仁554300

出　　处：《大连民族大学学报》2022年第5期389-395,共7页Journal of Dalian Minzu University

基　　金：大连民族大学·铜仁科学院联合科研项目(2019110057);大连民族大学服务国家战略专项项目(2020fwgj020)。

摘　　要：在栽培基料中添加不同比例的油茶壳作为基质,并结合富硒、富锌栽培香菇,对其营养品质和蛋白质营养价值进行了分析。结果表明,添加适宜比例的油茶壳结合富硒、富锌栽培,可以提高香菇的营养品质。当油茶壳添加比例为60%时,富锌香菇的蛋白质、多糖、灰分含量最高,分别为31.71%、5.60%、6.79%,比CK提高了88.08%、69.18%、21.47%;富硒香菇的蛋白质、多糖、灰分含量分别为27.46%、4.82%、6.22%,比CK提高了62.87%、45.62%、11.27%。油茶壳结合富硒栽培可以明显提高香菇的硒、锌元素含量,当油茶壳比例为60%时,香菇的硒含量高达165.58mg/kg,锌含量为105.07mg/kg。对油茶壳栽培的富硒、富锌香菇蛋白质营养价值进行评价,富硒和富锌香菇的必需氨基酸含量在油茶壳添加比例为60%时达到最大,分别为20.68%和21.88%,比CK提高了47.39%和48.19%;富硒、富锌栽培可以提高香菇蛋白质营养价值,使香菇中的必需氨基酸含量更接近FAO/WHO的必需氨基酸模式;采用油茶壳栽培香菇可以提高香菇呈味氨基酸含量。本研究为油茶壳基质在食用菌栽培中的应用和富锌、富硒香菇的开发奠定理论基础。The nutritional quality and protein nutritional value of Lentinus edodes were analyzed by adding different proportions of Camellia oil shell as substrate in the cultivation base material and combining with selenium and zinc-rich cultivation.The results showed that the nutrient quality of Lentinus edodes could be improved by adding suitable proportion of Camellia oil shell combined with selenium and zinc-rich cultivation.When the addition proportion of Camellia oil shell was 60%,the contents of protein,polysaccharide and ash were the highest,which were 31.71%,5.60%and 6.79%,respectively,which were 88.08%,69.18%and 21.47%higher than those of CK.The protein,polysaccharide and ash contents of selenium-rich Lentinus edodes were 27.46%,4.82%and 6.22%,respectively,which were 62.87%,45.62%and 11.27%higher than those of CK.The selenium and zinc contents of Lentinus edodes were significantly increased by the combination of Camellia oil shell and selenium-rich cultivation.When the proportion of Camellia oil shell was 60%,the selenium content of Lentinus edodes was up to 165.58mg/kg,and the zinc content was 105.07mg/kg.The protein nutritional value of selenium and zinc-rich Lentinus edoides cultured in Camellia oil shell was evaluated.The essential amino acid contents of selenium-rich and zinc-rich Lentinus edoides reached the maximum when the proportion of Camellia oil shell was 60%,which were 20.68%and 21.88%,respectively,increased by 47.39%and 48.19%compared with CK.Selenium and zinc-rich cultivation can improve the protein nutritional value of Lentinus edodes,and make the essential amino acid content of Lentinus edodes closer to the FAO/WHO model.Cultivation of Lentinus edodes with Camellia oil shell can improve the content of delicious amino acid.This study laid a theoretical foundation for the application of Camellia oil shell substrate in the cultivation of edible fungi and the development of Lentinus edodes rich in zinc and selenium.

关 键 词：香菇 油茶壳 富锌 富硒 营养品质 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]