论马克思劳动观三重意蕴之历史思维  

On the Historical Thinking of the Triple Implications of Marx’s View of Labor

作　　者：徐文越 高惠珠[3] XU Wenyue;GAO Huizhu

机构地区：[1]上海城建职业学院马克思主义学院 [2]上海交通大学马克思主义经济哲学研究院,上海201415 [3]上海师范大学21世纪马克思主义研究院,上海200234

出　　处：《上海师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第6期53-64,共12页Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Philosophy & Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度的总体逻辑研究”(20ZDA016);上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题“基于《资本论》的历史唯物主义当代性研究”(2020BKS005)。

摘　　要：马克思劳动观是唯物史观的核心内容,也是政治经济学批判的关键所在,是贯穿马克思整个理论的主线,起到基石和枢轴的作用。对于马克思劳动观,可从劳动本体论、劳动价值论、劳动解放论三重意蕴来把握,而在这三重意蕴或三个维度中正体现了一种理论的历史思维,这在根本上是历史唯物主义方法论原则的反映。马克思通过对黑格尔劳动辩证法的创造性转化,在现实社会历史中奠基了劳动本体地位,也直接推动了唯物史观的创立。马克思在对古典政治经济学理论的批判继承中发现了劳动二重性理论,确立了科学的劳动价值论,更在根本上揭示了资本主义生产方式和社会形式的历史性。马克思劳动观最终指向劳动解放,这是自由劳动的实现,是在现实的历史进程中对于异化劳动、强制分工的扬弃,而并非任何主观的理性设计。只有充分把握住马克思劳动观多重意蕴中理论的历史思维,才能更加彰显其在当代社会的现实意义。Marx’s views on labor are the main line that runs through Marx’s entire theory and plays the role of cornerstone and pivot as the core content of historical materialism and the key to the critique of political economy.Marx’s views on labor can be understood from the triple connotation of labor noumenon,labor value theory and labor liberation theory,and in this triple im⁃plication or three dimensions is embodied a theoretical historical thinking,which is fundamentally a reflection of the methodologi⁃cal principle of historical materialism.Through the creative transformation of Hegel’s labor dialectics,Marx laid a foundation for the position of labor noumenon in real social history and directly promoted the creation of historical materialism.Marx discovered the theory of labor duality in his critical inheritance of the classical political economy theory,established a scientific theory of la⁃bor value,and fundamentally revealed the historical nature of the capitalist mode of production and social forms.Marx’s labor views finally point to labor liberation,which is the realization of free labor,the sublation of alienated labor and forced division of labor in the real historical process,rather than any subjective rational design.Only when we fully grasp the historical thinking of the theory in the multiple implications of Marx’s labor views,we can more highlight its practical significance in contemporary so⁃ciety.

关 键 词：马克思劳动观 历史思维 劳动本体 劳动二重性 劳动解放 

分 类 号：C970[经济管理—劳动经济]