信息技术教育应用为何低效?--基于“结构-过程”视角的教师教学行动分析  

Why Is the Application of Information Technology Education Inefficient?--Analysis of Teachers’Teaching Action Based on the Perspective of“Structure-Process”

作　　者：安涛[1] 梁志远 AN Tao;LIANG Zhiyuan

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学智慧教育学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2022年第6期34-42,53,共10页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：2021年江苏省高等教育教改研究课题“乡村振兴战略下定向师范生培养模式改革与创新研究”(2021JSJG222);江苏师范大学课程思政教学改革研究专项基金“乡村定向师范生教育的课程思政建设路径—基于近代乡村教育运动”(KCSZZ08)。

摘　　要：当前,学术界对信息技术能否真正提升教育效果存在争议。已有研究大多基于实证进行判断,尚缺乏学理上的解释与阐述。实际上,教育与信息技术是两种不同的存在,具有不同的实践逻辑。基于帕森斯的单位行动模型与吉登斯的结构化理论建构的“结构—过程”分析视角,对教师教学行动的分析发现,教育实践与信息技术应用之间存在目的、手段、理念、条件和过程等五方面的逻辑冲突:教育实践旨在促进学生生命成长,信息技术应用则追求对认识对象的信息化处理;教育实践以身体在场的课堂教学为主要手段,信息技术应用则依靠硬件与软件,通过虚拟分身发挥作用;教育实践体现着工业文明的“以教为主”的理念,封闭的教室是其开展的条件,而信息技术内嵌着自由、开放与共享的信息文明理念,以开放的网络环境为运行条件;教育实践过程因教师行动的差异充满个性化,而信息技术应用则体现了建立在既定物理规律和数理逻辑上的形式化。教育实践与信息技术应用之间存在的逻辑冲突,导致了信息技术教育应用的低效。调适这些逻辑冲突,需要抓住学生发展这个逻辑契合点,以学生的生命充盈为鹄的,变革教育理念,丰富教学组织形式,践行“以人为本”的价值观,促进技术的人性化发展。At present,there is a dispute in the academic circles over whether information technology can really improve the educational effect.Most existing studies are based on empirical judgment and lack theoretical explanation and elaboration.In fact,education and information technology are two different kinds of existences with different practical logic.Based on Parsons’unit action model and Giddens’structuration theory,from the perspective of“structure-process”analysis,the analysis of teachers’teaching action finds out that there are five logical conflicts between educational practice and the application of information technology.Educational practice aims to promote the growth of students’life,while information technology application pursues the information processing of cognitive objects.The main means of educational practice is classroom teaching in which the body is present,and the application of information technology relies on hardware and software to play its role through virtual avatar.The educational practice embodies the idea of“teaching first”of industrial civilization with closed classroom as the operating condition,while the information technology is embedded with the idea of free,open and shared information civilization,and the open network environment is the operating condition.The process of educational practice is full of individuation due to the differences in teachers’actions,while the application of information technology reflects the formalization based on the established physical laws and mathematical logic.These logical conflicts lead to the low efficiency of the educational application of information technology.To adjust these logical conflicts,we need to grasp the logical fit point of students’development,focus on students’full life,change educational concepts,and enrich teaching organization forms to practice the value of“people-oriented”and promote the humanized development of technology.

关 键 词：教育实践 信息技术教育应用 单位行动模型 结构化理论 逻辑冲突 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]