从双元到三元,从中职到高职:德国职业教育的困境与突破  

On Difficulties and Breakthrough of German Vocational Education from Dual to Triple,from Secondary Vocational to Higher Vocational

作　　者：刘传熙[1] Liu Chuanxi(Guilin Normal College,Guilin,Guangxi 541199,China)

机构地区：[1]桂林师范高等专科学校,广西桂林541199

出　　处：《柳州职业技术学院学报》2022年第5期79-84,共6页Journal of Liuzhou Vocational & Technical College

基　　金：2021年度中国-东盟职业教育研究中心立项资助经费一般课题(ZGDMKT2021YB011)。

摘　　要：通过对德国双元到三元职业教育的梳理,探讨了德国职业教育面临的困境及其突破方式,发现德国职业教育不断发展壮大的五大秘密:一是职业教育,企业为主;二是政校行企,协同育人;三是法律至上,依法办学;四是发展职教,利益共享;五是校企合作,与时俱进。针对我国职业教育“校企合作”困境,提出了充分发挥我国社会主义制度优势,加强政府的统筹,使用计划和市场两种方式配置职业教育资源,建立区域实训中心,协同推进我国职业教育的校企合作、产教融合等对策建议。By sorting out the dual to triple vocational education in Germany,this paper discusses the difficulties faced by German vocational education and the ways to break through.Then,discovers the five secrets of the continuous development of German vocational education:the first is vocational education based on enterprises;the second is talent training requires collaboration between government,schools and enterprises;the third is the supremacy of law,running schools in accordance with the law;the fourth is sharing benefits when developing vocational education;the fifth is school-enterprise cooperation keeps pace with the times.Finally,this paper makes many suggestions in response to the plight of"school-enterprise cooperation"in China's vocational education,such as giving full play to the advantages of China's socialist system,strengthening government coordination,using two methods(plan and market)to allocate vocational education resources,establishing a regional training center,coordinately promoting school-enterprise cooperation and integration of production and education in China's vocational education,etc.

关 键 词：德国 双元制 职业教育 跨企业培训中心 

分 类 号：G719[文化科学—职业技术教育学]