回归与回应:乡村振兴战略中我国乡村教育建设的未来走向  

Return and Response:The Future Trend of China’s Rural Education Construction from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization Strategy

作　　者：全晓洁[1,2,3] 蔡其勇 谢霁月 Quan Xiaojie;Cai Qiyong;Xie Jiyue(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing 401715;School of Education,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing 401331;Chongqing Academy of Education Science,Chongqing 400015)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]重庆师范大学教育科学学院,重庆401331 [3]重庆教育科学研究院,重庆400015

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2022年第12期63-72,共10页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划青年基金项目“‘发展适宜性’视域下儿童教育A P P评价体系建构研究”(20YJC880076);中国博士后科学基金第69批面上资助项目“乡村教师文化回应性教育能力及专业支持体系研究”(2021M692669);重庆市教育科学规划项目“乡村教师文化回应性教育能力及专业支持体系研究”(2021-GX-317)。

摘　　要：我国乡村教育有其独特的价值归属、精神内涵、话语体系和实践方式,实现乡村振兴战略中的乡村教育建设,需保存乡村教育独特的文化内涵。然而,城镇化进程中我国乡村教育发展存在文化失根之困,主要表现在本土文化的价值涤荡、自然属性与社会属性的分裂、发展机制的习惯性依附三个方面。因此,需要探索乡村教育的文化回归之路,为乡村少年提供与其文化模式相适应的教育——“文化回应性教育”。通过这一教育理念,观照乡村文化的独特内涵,强调在育人理念、课程设置、教学方式、师资建设、评价模式等方面回归“乡土性”。就应然层面而言,基于文化回应性教育理念的乡村教育建设价值在于重建乡村教育文化身份自信、统整弥合乡村教育文化土壤、多元涵养乡村教育文化胸襟。就实然层面而言,乡村教育建设的文化回应之道包括在教育目的上呼应地域文化性格、在教学内容上关照城乡文化涵化、在教学方式上善假乡村场域特色,以及建立适应性评价制度、教师强化自身的文化理解型反思意识。Rural education has its own unique value attribution,spiritual connotation,discourse system and practice methods.To realize the characteristic development of rural education,it is necessary to preserve its unique cultural connotation.However,the development of rural education has lost its culture essence,which is mainly manifested in the value decline of local culture,the division of nature and social attributes,and the dependent development mechanisms.In response to this,it is necessary to consider providing rural teenagers with education that are compatible with their cultural model of“Cultural Responsive Education”.This educational concept highlights the unique connotation of rural culture,and emphasizes“locality”of education concept,curriculum,teaching methods,teacher training and evaluation mode.It promotes the characteristic development of rural education at three levels,including reconstructing confidence of rural education’s cultural identity,unifying rural education’s cultural crack,cultivating rural education’s open cultural mind.Implementing cultural responsive education includes the purpose of education responding to the characteristics of regional culture,the contents of education emphasizing the integration of urban and rural culture,the teaching methods taking advantages of rural areas’characteristics.Besides,experts conceive the concept of adaptive evaluation system,and teachers strengthen their cultural understanding and reflection consciousness.

关 键 词：乡村教育 特色发展 文化回应性教育 文化困境 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]