苹果木屑栽培基质对平菇产量及子实体氨基酸营养价值的影响  

Effects of Cultivation Substrate with Apple Sawdust on Yield and Nutrient Value of Amino Acids in Pleurotus ostreatus Fruit Bodies

作　　者：梁然 郑静宜 尹淑丽[1] 马宏[1] 刘昆昂[1] 张根伟[1] 李向前 LIANG Ran;ZHENG Jing-yi;YIN Shu-li;MA Hong;LIU Kun-ang;ZHANG Gen-wei;LI Xiang-qian(Biology Institute Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050081,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Luquan District,Shijiazhuang 050200,China;Hebei Seed Station,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省科学院生物研究所,河北石家庄050081 [2]石家庄市鹿泉区农业技术推广中心,河北石家庄050200 [3]河北省种子总站,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2022年第11期40-46,共7页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：河北省人力资源和社会保障厅“省高层次人才资助项目”(A202105011);河北省科技厅“省重点研发计划项目”(21373804D);河北省科学院“高层次人才培养与资助项目”(2021G08);河北省科学院重点研发计划项目(2022515)。

摘　　要：以平菇“冀杂26”为栽培品种,研究4种不同栽培配方对产量、氨基酸种类及含量、蛋白质营养价值的影响。结果表明,使用配方2(苹果木屑63%、棉籽皮30%、麸皮5%、石膏2%)栽培平菇时,其产量最高,与配方1、配方3和配方4相比,产量分别提高16.29%、35.89%和36.17%;子实体的氨基酸比值系数分(SRC)为88.80,表明蛋白质营养价值最高;子实体必需氨基酸中第一限制性氨基酸为亮氨酸,而使用其他3个配方栽培的平菇子实体必需氨基酸中第一限制性氨基酸为蛋氨酸+半胱氨酸。棉籽皮替代玉米芯,有利于提高产量和子实体中必需氨基酸、总氨基酸、药用氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸的含量及蛋白质的营养价值;苹果木屑替代玉米芯,有利于提高产量和子实体中必需氨基酸、总氨基酸、药用氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸、苦味氨基酸、呈味氨基酸的含量及蛋白质营养价值。培养料配方中全钾、全镁的含量与产量正相关,全氮、全镁的含量与SRC呈正相关。Pleurotus ostreatus‘Jiza 26’was used as cultivar,studying the effects of four formulas of substrates on the yield,types and contents of amino acids,nutritional value.The results showed that using formula 2(apple sawdust 63%,cottonseed husk 30%,bran 5%,gypsum 2%)to cultivate P.ostreatus,the yield was the highest,which was increased by 16.29%,35.89%and 36.17%compared with formula 1,formula 3 and formula 4,respectively.The SRC of the fruit bodies was 88.80,indicating the highest nutritional value of protein.And the first limiting amino acid in the essential amino acids of fruit bodies was leucine,while methionine+cysteine was the first limiting amino acid in the essential amino acids of P.ostreatus fruit bodies cultivated with the other three fomulas.The use of cottonseed husk replaces corn cob was beneficial to increase the yield,the contents of essential amino acids,total amino acids,medicinal amino acids and umami amino acids in fruit bodies,and the nutritional value of protein.The use of apple sawdust replaces corn cob was beneficial to increase the yield,the contents of essential amino acids,total amino acids,medicinal amino acids,umami amino acids,sweet amino acids,bitter amino acids and flavor amino acids in fruit bodies,and the nutritional value of protein.The contents of total potassium and total magnesium in the substrate formula are positively correlated with the yield,while the contents of total nitrogen and total magnesium are positively correlated with the SRC.

关 键 词：平菇 苹果木屑 栽培基质 产量 氨基酸 营养价值 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]