某综合医院2016-2019年食源性疾病监测分析  

Analysis on surveillance results of foodborne diseases in a general hospital from 2016 to 2019

作　　者：李丽[1] 文科 孙敏[1] 谢多双[1] LI Li;WEN Ke;SUN Min;XIE Duo-shuang(Taihe Hospital,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]十堰市太和医院,湖北442000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第11期1026-1030,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81902498)。

摘　　要：目的分析某综合医院2016-2019年食源性疾病主动监测数据,了解监测病例的流行病学特征及趋势,为更好地开展食源性疾病监测工作提供一定的依据。方法收集某综合医院2016-2019年主动监测的食源性疾病病例资料,采集粪便标本进行沙门菌、志贺菌、副溶血性弧菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、诺如病毒和轮状病毒检测,对监测数据进行统计分析。结果某综合医院2016-2019年共监测1078例食源性疾病病例,共采样送检标本847份,病原学检测阳性病例96例,阳性检出率为11.33%。男女性别比1∶1.09;年龄组最多的为1~3岁,构成比为20.22%;职业以散居儿童(321例,29.78%)为主;发病时间5-7月最多;可疑进食场所主要为家庭,构成比为70.82%;可疑暴露食品主要为粮食类及其制品、肉与肉制品,构成比分别为17.73%、17.51%;检出病原体以沙门菌为主,构成比为60.42%。结论某综合医院2016-2019年食源性疾病监测病例检出致病菌主要为沙门菌。应继续加强主动监测,强化儿童食源性疾病的主动监测,加强宣传教育,以有效减少食源性疾病的发生。Objective To understand the epidemiologic features and trends of surveillance cases by analyzing active surveillance data of foodborne diseases in a general hospital from 2016 to 2019,and to provide certain basis for surveillance on foodborne diseases in a better manner.Methods The active surveillance data of foodborne diseases in a general hospital from 2016 to 2019 were collected,and stool samples were collected for the detection on Salmonella,Shigella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Diarrheogenic Escherichia coli,Listeria monocytogenes,Norovirus and Rotavirus.Furthermore,the surveillance data were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 1078 cases of foodborne diseases with a total of 847 samples collected were monitored from a general hospital from 2016 to 2019,and 96 positive cases in etiological detection with a positive rate of 11.33%were detected.The sex male-to-female ratio was 1∶1.09;the age group at 1-3 years old with a constituent ratio of 20.22%was dominant;scattered children(321 cases,29.78%)dominated in terms of occupation;the onset time mainly ranged from May to July;suspicious eating places mainly involved families,accounting for 70.82%;primary suspicious exposed foods primarily involved the grain and corresponding products,meat and meat products,and the constituent ratio was 17.73%and 17.51%,respectively.The pathogens detected were dominated by Salmonella with a constituent ratio of 60.42%.Conclusion Salmonella is the dominating pathogen detected in surveillance cases of foodborne diseases in a general hospital from 2016 to 2019.Active surveillance should be continued and tightened,active surveillance on foodborne diseases in children should be strengthened,and the publicity and education should be tightened to effectively reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 主动监测 沙门菌 诺如病毒 食品安全 流行病学特征 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]