中文惯用语的加工:结构和熟悉性的作用  

Processing Chinese Idioms:The Role of Idiom Structure and Familiarity

作　　者：符颖 鹿子佳[1,2] 张慢慢 臧传丽[1,2] 白学军[1,2] Fu Ying;Lu Zijia;Zhang Manman;Zang Chuanli;Bai Xuejun(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin,300387;Facultyof Psychology,TianjinNormal University,Tianjin,300387)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第6期1290-1296,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800920,81471629,31571122);全国文化名家暨“四个一批”人才项目;天津市研究生科研创新项目(2019YJSB131)的资助。

摘　　要：为探讨结构和熟悉性在惯用语加工中的作用,本研究操纵惯用语的结构(偏正、动宾)和熟悉性(高、低),采用Eyelink 1000 plus记录104名大学生阅读包含惯用语的句子时的眼睛注视过程。结果发现:高熟悉惯用语的第一遍注视时间和总注视时间均短于低熟悉惯用语;只有加工低熟悉惯用语时,偏正结构惯用语的总注视时间短于动宾结构惯用语。结果说明,结构只影响低熟悉惯用语的晚期加工,偏正结构比动宾结构惯用语语义整合更容易;熟悉性影响惯用语整个加工过程,高熟悉比低熟悉惯用语加工更快。实验结果支持惯用语的混合模型。Idioms are fixed phrases and have a unified meaning.According to Multi-Constituent Unit(MCU)hypothesis,idioms maybe represented lexically as single representations during Chinese reading(Zang,2019).There are two main structures of three-character idioms:modifier-noun(MN)and verb-object(VO)structures.Idioms with a MN structure are more like a long word due to the constraint of the modifier exerting over potential subsequent nouns than idioms with a VO structure,indicating that idiom structure might affect the processing of idioms.Furthermore,examining the role of idiom structure on its processing provides insight into the current theories of idiom representation.However,the previous research has not shown consistent results regarding this issue,probably because individuals’familiarity with idioms has yet to be carefully examined.The present study aimed to investigate whether idiom structure and familiarity exert an influence on idiom processing during Chinese reading.We manipulated the structure(MN,VO)and familiarity(high,low)of idioms to clarify how the two variables affect idioms processing during Chinese reading.Idioms with an MN structure are comprised of a 1-character modifier and a 2-character noun(i.e.,“贼+胆子”).Idioms with a VO structure are comprised of a 1-character verb and a 2-character object(i.e.,“泼+脏水”).A total of 128 idioms were selected as targets and embedded into 32 sentence frames.104 students participated in the formal experiment and their eye movements were recorded when they read each sentence using Eyelink 1000 plus.Four files were constructed,with each file containing 32 sentences.Conditions were rotated across files according to a Latin Square design,and each participant read experimental sentences presented randomly from one of the four files.The 32 experimental sentences were mixed with 32 filler sentences,and 24 sentences were followed by yes/no questions.Besides,12 practice sentences(including 4 question sentences)were presented at the beginning of the formal exper

关 键 词：惯用语 结构 熟悉性 多成分单元假说 中文阅读 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]