麦芽三糖酶酶解大米淀粉产物的回生性质研究  

Research on the retrogradation properties of rice starch hydrolyzed by α-maltotriohydrolase

作　　者：吴春森 张妍 康吉平 张健 钱建亚[1] WU Chun-Sen;ZHANG Yan;KANG Ji-Ping;ZHANG Jian;QIAN Jian-Ya(College of Food Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学食品科学与工程学院,扬州225127

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第23期7654-7659,共6页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001743);江苏省自然基金项目(BK20180922);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(18KJD550003)。

摘　　要：目的研究麦芽三糖酶对大米淀粉回生性质的影响。方法以不同麦芽三糖酶添加量(0、200、300、400、500、600 U)水解大米淀粉,利用差示扫描量热仪、X射线衍射仪测定酶解产物的回生性质和重结晶性质,并利用凝胶色谱分析系统分析酶对淀粉分子结构的影响。结果麦芽三糖酶酶解大米淀粉,随着水解程度增加可显著降低其4℃储藏14 d后的回生焓、相对结晶度以及分子尺寸,显著提高脱支大米淀粉酶解产物中聚合度(degree of polymerization,DP)<9的极短链所占比例;淀粉水解率≥25.96%后,实验条件下未能检测到回生焓和重结晶峰。结论麦芽三糖酶酶解大米淀粉后可有效抑制酶解产物的回生,当淀粉水解率≥25.96%,大米淀粉酶解产物的回生被完全抑制,这主要是因为支链淀粉的外链被水解生成具有大量DP<9极短链的分支糊精。本研究可为麦芽三糖酶应用大米淀粉制品的酶法回生控制提供理论参考和技术依据。Objective To investigate the effects ofα-maltotriohydrolase on the retrogradation properties of rice starch.Methods The rice starch were hydrolyzed with different amount ofα-maltotriohydrolase(0,200,300,400,500,600 U)to perform retro gradation.The retrogradation properties and re-crystallization properties were analyzed by differential scanning calorimeter and X-ray diffractometer,and the molecular structure was analyzed by the gel chromatography system.Results With increasingα-maltotriohydrolase hydrolysis,the retrogradation enthalpy,relative crystallinity and molecular size of rice starch stored at 4℃for 14 days were significantly decreased,whereas the proportion of short chains with degree of polymerization(DP)less than 9 were significantly increased.When the degree of hydrolysis over 25.96%,the retrogradation enthalpy and recrystallization peak were both disappeared under the experimental conditions.Conclusion Theα-maltotriohydrolase can effectively inhibit the retrogradation of rice starch.When the hydrolysis degree over 25.96%,the retrogradation is completely inhibited,which mainly because the amylose and longer chains of amylopectin are hydrolyzed to generate a large proportion of chains with DP less than 9.These results can prove theoretical reference and technical basis for enlarge the use ofα-maltotriohydrolase in the field of enzymatical control of retrogradation of rice starch products.

关 键 词：大米淀粉 麦芽三糖酶 回生控制 分子结构 

分 类 号：TS235.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]