西方文论关键词:非个人化  

Impersonality: A Keyword in Critical Theory

作　　者：许小凡 Xu Xiaofan(School of English and International Studies,Beijing Foreign Studies University,Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学英语学院,北京100089

出　　处：《外国文学》2022年第6期92-104,共13页Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“当代英美保守主义美学及其批判研究”(21BZX123)。

摘　　要：现代主义诗人T. S.艾略特的“非个人化”诗学理论对20世纪诗歌创作影响深远。本文回顾艾略特关于非个人化的相关文献,并将这一理论置于其产生的思想史语境中加以考察,指出它主要是从创作而非批评的角度提出的一种诗歌自律理论。它的提出借用了20世纪初批判现代性的语境中业已存在的非个人化概念,并赋予了它新的文学含义,其对话对象除了浪漫派诗歌理论外,还有当时比较普遍的个人主义创作理念;文章接着针对非个人化的两个面向依次展开,即它与个人的辩证关系以及传统与历史意识,并藉由对后者的分析,考察了这一理论的广泛影响及其限度。This article turns on the widely-influential theory of impersonality, or the impersonal theory of poetry as T. S. Eliot terms it. It briefly reviews T. S. Eliot’s works in which the impersonal theory of poetry is set forth, and contextualises the theory in its inceptive historical moment, where the term “impersonality” had been circulated for some time to indicate the social and psychological ills associated with modernity. Besides reinventing the existing term and engaging in the ongoing discourse of the critique of modernity, the theory, as contended, is also targeted at the discourse of liberal individualism in art, which is in turn the progeny of modernity. For this reason, the theory can be understood in terms of poetic self-discipline. The article thus investigates the theory from the aspects of the individual and the tradition respectively, along with the conservatist connotations closely associated with the latter aspect.

关 键 词：艾略特 非个人化 个人主义 传统 历史意识 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]