芬兰中小学自主实践性音乐教学模式研究  

A Research of Teaching Autonomy and Performance-Centered Music Education in Finland

作　　者：张希[1] ZHANG Xi(College of Music,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学音乐学院,上海200234

出　　处：《现代基础教育研究》2022年第4期235-239,共5页Research on Modern Basic Education

摘　　要：教师自主化教学和表演作为核心的课程,是芬兰中小学音乐教育特点,体现于国家课程大纲和课堂教学中。芬兰教学评估显示:以表演为核心的课程为教师自主教学提供了宽松的空间;自主教学使课程形式内容多样且具创新性,但在教学质量上存在“不同地区与个体的不均衡”的问题。芬兰模式经验证明:表演实践有利于音乐学科的个性化培养,地域学情决定自主化教学的适应性,基础音乐教育需要自主化与标准化共有。我国中小学音乐课程可在进一步丰富表演实践形式,扩大基于课标的个性化教学空间,增强不同地域音乐特色传承三方面加以借鉴。Music education in Finnish elementary and secondary schools is performance-focused and allows for teachers’au⁃tonomic teaching,which are reflected in Finnish national curriculum and classroom teaching.The Finnish teaching assessment shows that the performance-centered curriculum provides space for teachers to be autonomous,which in turn produces creative and diversified content.However,autonomy can also result in uneven effectiveness between different regions and individuals.The study of the Finnish model shows that performance practice is beneficial to students’individual growth in music,regional learning may determine the adaptability of autonomous teaching,basic music education needs to include both teacher autonomy and standardization.For the purpose of reference,the music subject in primary and secondary schools in China can further enrich the forms of performance practice,expand the space for personalized teaching based on the curriculum standard,and enhance the inheritance of music tradition and culture in different regions.

关 键 词：芬兰中小学音乐教育 自主化教学 教育公平 音乐表演 

分 类 号：G633.951[文化科学—教育学]