BDNF基因rs6265多态性与父母严厉管教对学前儿童工作记忆的交互影响  

Effect of the interaction between BDNF gene rs6265 polymorphism and parental harsh discipline on preschoolers’working memory

作　　者：张悦文 王振宏[1,2] Yuewen Zhang;Zhenhong Wang(School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China;Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health,Xi’an 710062,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,西安710062 [2]陕西(高校)哲学社会科学重点研究基地-儿童青少年心理与行为健康研究中心,西安710062

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第31期3695-3707,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31971004);广州市合生元营养与护理研究院母婴营养与护理研究基金(2018BINCMCF21);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2019TS138)资助。

摘　　要：工作记忆是执行功能的重要组成部分,基因与家庭环境因素如何交互影响学前儿童工作记忆,目前尚缺少研究.本研究以632名学前儿童(平均年龄=5.14岁,SD=0.94)为被试,考察了BDNF基因rs6265多态性与父母严厉管教对学前儿童工作记忆的交互影响.研究结果显示,BDNF基因rs6265多态性与父母严厉管教对学前儿童工作记忆成绩的交互作用显著.具体而言,携带Val/Val基因型学前儿童的工作记忆成绩在高父母严厉管教条件下显著降低;对于携带Met等位基因的学前儿童,其工作记忆成绩在不同父母严厉管教条件下没有显著差异.研究结果支持了素质-压力模型,表明对工作记忆发展关键期的学前儿童而言,Val/Val基因型是消极环境的脆弱性因子,携带Val/Val基因型学前儿童的工作记忆容易受到消极环境的负面影响,这为理解学前儿童工作记忆发展的基因与环境交互作用机制提供了新的证据.Working memory(WM)is one of the main components of executive function that aids processing,storing,and updating information for accomplishing tasks.WM develops rapidly during the preschool period.It is affected by both genetic and environmental factors.For example,rs6265 polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)gene is closely related to human WM.Additionally,parental harsh discipline(PHD),one of the most important stressors in the family environment,also affects preschoolers’WM.According to existing literature,children’s development including cognitive abilities such as WM,cannot be explained based on biological or contextual factors alone,and it is important to understand how their interaction contributes to WM development.However,this interaction mechanism remains unclear.Based on person-environment interaction models such as diathesis-stress model,differential susceptibility model,and biological sensitivity to context model,our study examined how rs6265 polymorphism in the BDNF gene interacted with PHD to affect preschoolers’WM.Further,considering the sex-dependent effect of this polymorphism on WM,we assessed the role of sex in the Gene×Environment(G×E)analysis.The study sample comprised 632 preschoolers(M_(age)=5.14,SD=0.94,50.8%boys)and their parents.We assessed the preschoolers’WM ability using the Corsi Blocks Task and PHD using the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale as per the parents’responses.We extracted the preschoolers’genomic DNA from their saliva samples.PCR primers were designed using Mass ARRAY Assay Design Suite V2.0.Preliminary analyses and a hierarchical regression analysis were conducted using the SPSS software version 22.0.The region of significance test was used to examine the effect of interaction between BDNF gene rs6265 polymorphism and PHD on preschoolers’WM ability.Finally,to assess the results’robustness,we divided the sample into two random subsamples(N1=311,N2=321)and performed an internal replication analysis using the meta-analytic approach t

关 键 词：BDNF基因rs6265多态性 父母严厉管教 工作记忆 基因-环境交互作用 学前儿童 

分 类 号：G78[文化科学—教育学] B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]