从“五唯”到“五维”:学术评价范式的转换  

From "Five Only" to "Five Dimensions": The Paradigm Shift of Academic Evaluation

作　　者：李永全[1,2] 胡钦晓 Li Yong quan;Hu Qinxiao

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学教育学院,山东曲阜273165 [2]山东农业大学马克思主义学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《江苏高教》2023年第1期25-34,共10页Jiangsu Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般课题“高校文化资本与高等教育发展及变革研究”(BIA200196)。

摘　　要：“五唯”学术评价作为一种范式,其指标体系包括论文、帽子、学历、奖项和项目五项,这五项体现了科学主义与现代性的精神信仰、实证主义的理论原则和定量数理统计的实践方法。“五唯”学术评价范式重新树立了学术在国家和社会中的地位,促进了我国学术成果数量的增长,加速了我国学术人才规模的扩张。随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,“五唯”学术评价范式在内外两个方面都遭遇到了危机。新构建的“五维”学术评价范式将从学术组织、学术传承、学术创新、学术激励和学术伦理五个维度来引导学术的发展与评价。这五个维度体现了科学主义与人文主义相融合的精神信仰、实证主义与建构主义相互补的理论原则、定量与定性相混合的实践方法。学术评价范式的转换路径要摒弃以往“先破后立”的激进步骤,采取一种“以立促破”的渐进方式,在减小变革阻力的同时,避免“破”与“立”之间衔接的断档。“五维”学术评价范式的提出,意在构建一种良性的学术发展生态,追求学术人所渴求的一种公平与正义。As a paradigm, the "five only" academic evaluation includes five items: papers, titles, education background, awards and projects, which embody the spiritual belief of scientism and modernity, the theoretical principles of positivism, the practical methods of mathematical statistics. The "five only" academic evaluation paradigm has reestablished the status of academics in the country and society, promoted the growth of the number of academic achievements in China, and accelerated the expansion of the scale of academic talents in China. But as socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, the "five only" academic evaluation paradigm has encountered crisis both inside and outside. The new "five dimensions" academic evaluation paradigm will guide the development and evaluation of academics from five dimensions: academic organization, academic inheritance, academic innovation, academic incentive and academic ethics. These five dimensions embody the spiritual belief of the integration of scientism and humanism, the theoretical principle of complementation of positivism and constructivism, and the practical method of combining the quantitative and the qualitative. In choosing the path for academic evaluation paradigm shift, we should abandon the previous radical step of "breaking first and then establishing", and adopt a gradual way of "promoting breaking by establishing", so as to reduce the resistance to change, and avoid the gap between "breaking" and "establishing". The "five dimensions" academic evaluation paradigm aims to build a benign academic ecology and pursue a kind of fairness and justice that academic people long for.

关 键 词：五唯问题 学术评价 评价范式 五维评价 范式转换 

分 类 号：G647[文化科学—高等教育学]