巨灾胁迫下植被碳储量地域分异规律研究  

Study on the Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation Carbon Storage Regarding to Catastrophic Stress

作　　者：邱铃珂 曾文 戴玥 李俊辉 边昂[3] 盖宏坤 第宝锋[2] QIU Lingke;ZENG Wen;DAI Yue;LI Junhui;BIAN Ang;GAI Hongkun;DI Baofeng(College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction,Sichuan University-Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Chengdu 610207,China;College of Computer Science,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学-香港理工大学灾后重建与管理学院,四川成都610207 [3]四川大学计算机学院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《灾害学》2022年第4期115-122,共8页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：四川省社会科学研究2021年度课题(SC21ST001);国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1100701);四川大学“创新2035”先导计划“文明互鉴与全球治理研究”。

摘　　要：“碳中和”作为我国应对气候变化的重要举措,关键在于碳源碳汇的平衡,森林植被的碳储存能力对碳收支平衡具有重要作用。然而,重大自然灾害会破坏植被,改变区域碳储量时空过程。因此,厘清巨灾胁迫下碳储存能力的受损恢复过程及地域分异规律,可为巨灾影响区碳中和时空核算提供依据。该研究以“2008年汶川地震重灾区”为对象,采用InVEST模型,探究2001—2019年间地震巨灾胁迫下,植被碳储量地域分异规律。研究表明:①区域总碳储量总体呈上升趋势,年均上升约1.45×10^(6) tC,震后碳储量出现明显下降,与2007年相比,2008年地震导致区域总碳储量损失了7.36×10^(6) tC,损失率约1.22%;②灾区碳储量变化与地震烈度Ⅸ度以上区关系密切,震后2年内,Ⅹ及Ⅺ度烈度区碳储量持续下降,此后开始缓慢恢复,至2019年,Ⅹ度烈度区大致恢复到震前水平,Ⅺ度烈度区仅恢复到震前水平的91.77%;③地震对区域碳储量的海拔分异影响不显著,而对坡度分异影响较为明显,主要体现在陡坡与极陡坡地范围内下降。综上所述,地震胁迫下,植被碳储量损失及恢复过程具有地域差异性,其在不同地震烈度区、不同地形区的变化主要是同震滑坡体及其他次生地质灾害破坏植被所致。The key component of carbon neutrality,as an important measure to cope with climate change in China,is the balance of carbon sources and sinks,and the carbon storage capacity of forest vegetation plays an important role in carbon balance.However,Catastrophes could destroy vegetation and change the spatial and temporal processes of regional carbon storage.Clarifying the damage and recovery process of regional carbon storage capacity under catastrophic stress and the regional differentiation pattern can provide a basis for spatial and temporal carbon neutral accounting in catastrophe-affected areas.The InVEST model is used to investigate the geographic variation of vegetation carbon stocks under the earthquake catastrophe stress from 2001 to 2019 in the“hardest-hit area of 2008 Wenchuan earthquake”.The following conclusions are obtained:(1)The total carbon storage in the region is generally increasing,with an average annual increase of about 1.45×10^(6) tC,and the carbon stock decreased significantly with a loss of 7.36×10^(6) tC(1.22%of the regional total carbon stock in 2007)after the earthquake;(2)Carbon storage changes in disaster areas are closely related to areas with seismic intensity aboveⅨ.The carbon storages in the intensityⅩandⅪregions continued to decrease in two years after the earthquake,and then began to recover slowly,and by 2019,the levelⅩregion had roughly recovered to the pre-earthquake level,while theⅪzone had only recovered to 91.77%of the pre-earthquake level;(3)The earthquake has not significantly affected the elevation diversity of regional carbon stocks,while the slope diversity is more significant,and loss was mainly in the range of steep and very steep slopes.In conclusion,the loss and recovery process of vegetation carbon stock under earthquake stress has regional variability,and its changes in different seismic intensity zones and different topographic regions are mainly due to the destruction of vegetation by co-earthquake landslides and other secondary geological hazar

关 键 词：巨灾 巨灾胁迫 植被碳储量 地域分异 汶川地震 InVEST模型 GIS 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5[农业科学—林学] S718.55[文化科学—高等教育学] G64[文化科学—教育学] F713[经济管理—产业经济]