养殖条件下3种石首鱼科鱼类肌肉营养成分的分析与比较  

Analysis and comparison of nutritional components in muscle of 3 Sciaenidae species under cultured condition

作　　者：颜霖 施建设 王俊杰[2] 邢明艳 颜阔秋 YAN Lin;SHI Jianshe;WANG Junjie;XING Mingyan;YAN Kuoqiu(Guangdong Beluga Whale Marine Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Huizhou Guangdong,516300 China;South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Yifanghai(Guangdong)Ocean Ranch Co.,Ltd.,Huizhou Guangdong 516300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省鳇鲸海洋生物科技有限公司,广东惠州516300 [2]华南师范大学,广州510631 [3]一方海(广东)海洋牧场有限公司,广东惠州516300

出　　处：《渔业信息与战略》2022年第4期277-285,共9页Fishery Information & Strategy

基　　金：广东省自然资源厅专项资金[GDNRC(2022)38]。

摘　　要：为探明石首鱼在广东相关水域养殖条件下的肌肉营养成分,对大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)、浅色黄姑鱼(Nibea coibor)、双棘原黄姑鱼(Protonibea diacanthus)进行了肌肉基本营养成分和氨基酸、脂肪酸的检测。结果显示,3种石首鱼科的鱼类基本营养成分除粗脂肪外没有显著性差异,3种鱼的水分为77.44%~77.90%,粗蛋白18.32%~19.76%,粗脂肪5.36%~1.08%,灰分1.34%~1.52%。肌肉中检测出17种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸(EAA)占总氨基酸(TAA)的35.47%~37.64%,用氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)以及必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)对3种鱼的氨基酸进行评价,显示必需氨基酸含量较高,氨基酸组成平衡,是优质蛋白资源。3种鱼的肌肉中检测出17~24种脂肪酸,三类脂肪酸含量的比值没有显著差异,符合人类膳食中饱和脂肪酸(ΣSFA)∶单不饱和脂肪酸(ΣMUFA)∶多不饱和脂肪酸(ΣPUFA)应为1∶1∶1的比值。用血管动脉粥样硬化指数(IA)、血栓形成指数(IT)和多烯指数(PI)对3种鱼的脂肪酸进行评价,也符合人体营养需要。结果表明,3种石首鱼的肌肉均含有较高的营养成分。In order to investigate the nutritional components in the muscle of 3 Sciaenidae species under cultured conditions,the proximate composition,amino acid and fatty acid composition in the muscle of Pseudosciaena crocea(Naozhou species group),Nibea Coibor,and Protonibea diacanthus were detected.The results indicated that the basic nutritional components of 3 Sciaenidae species showed no significant difference except for the crude fat content.The moisture contents of 3 species were 77.44%-77.90%,the crude protein contents were 18.32%-19.76%,the crude fat contents were 5.36%-1.08%,and the ash contents were 1.34%-1.52%.The amino acid contents of samples were evaluated by amino acids score,(AAS),chemical score,(CS),essential amino acid index(EAAI),and the results indicated that essential amino acid content was relatively high while the amino acid compositions were balanced.Thus,this study indicated that the muscles of 3 species were excellent protein resources.Moreover,17~24 kinds of fatty acids were detected,while there was no significant difference among the ratio of three fatty acids content.But,the ratio of saturated fatty acid(∑SFA):monounsaturated fatty acid(∑MUFA):polyunsaturated fatty acids(∑PUFA)are consistent with being 1∶1∶1 in human diet.The fatty acids of samples are evaluated by index of atherogenic(IA),index of thrombogenic(IT),polyene index(PI),which are basically in line with the nutritional needs of human.Therefore,all results show that the muscle of 3 Sciaenidae species have high nutritional value.

关 键 词：大黄鱼 浅色黄姑鱼 双棘原黄姑鱼 营养成分 营养评价 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学] R151.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]