Molecular mechanisms and roles of pyroptosis in acute lung injury  

作　　者：Tianchang Wei Cuiping Zhang Yuanlin Song 

机构地区：[1]Department of Pulmonary Medicine,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China [2]Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity,Shanghai 200032,China [3]Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute,Shanghai 200032,China [4]Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University,Shanghai 201508,China

出　　处：《Chinese Medical Journal》2022年第20期2417-2426,共10页中华医学杂志（英文版）

摘　　要：Acute lung injury(ALI)and acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),which are characterized by excessive inflammation and accompanied by diffuse injury of alveoli,can result in severe respiratory failures.The morbidity and mortality of patients remain high because the major treatments for ALI/ARDS are mainly supportive due to the lack of effective therapies.Numerous studies have demonstrated that the aggravation of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)leads to severe pneumonia and even ARDS.Pyroptosis,a biological process identified as a type of programed cell death,is mainly triggered by inflammatory caspase activation and is directly meditated by the gasdermin protein family,as well as being associated with the secretion and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.Clinical and experimental evidence corroborates that pyroptosis of various cells in the lung,such as immune cells and structural cells,may play an important role in the pathogenesis of“cytokine storms”in ALI/ARDS,including those induced by COVID-19.Here,with a focus on ALI/ARDS and COVID-19,we summarized the recent advances in this field and proposed the theory of an inflammatory cascade in pyroptosis to identify new targets and pave the way for new approaches to treat these diseases.

关 键 词：Acute lung injury Acute respiratory distress syndrome CASPASE Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Gasdermin INFLAMMASOME PYROPTOSIS 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]