论明清通俗小说的贤妻塑造与文化表征  

On the Portrayal of Virtuous Wives and Cultural Representation in Popular Novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：焦喜峰[1] Jiao Xifeng

机构地区：[1]河南大学文学院,河南开封475001

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期109-113,155,共6页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

摘　　要：明清通俗小说对贤妻的塑造着重于才德与“妇功”,这既与时代社会文化状况和女性家庭地位的提升相关,也折射出科举制度下知识分子沉重的物质、精神压力。通俗小说中的贤妻是明达识理、安常守分的“贤妇”;是敢于谏夫之过,使之改过从善的“诤妻”;也是辅助丈夫成就功名、兴旺家业的“智妇”。通俗小说家对贤妻形象的塑造带有明显的男性视角,也透露出晚明至清中叶知识分子面对科举功名时精神与心态的变化,即由无助与教化走向对科举文化的反思,而与之相应的“贤妻”也带有了“禄蠹”的象征意味,表征着文人精神的成长。The portrayal of virtuous wives in popular novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties focused on talent,morality and“female virtues”,which was related to the social and cultural conditions of those days and the promotion of women’s family status,and also reflected the heavy material and spiritual pressure of the intellectuals under Chinese imperial examination system.In popular novels,a virtuous wife was a“virtuous women”who had sensible knowledge and always kept her points,a“forthright wife”who dared to remonstrate with her husband and make him good,and also a“wise wife”who had the wisdom to assist the husband achieve success and make the whole family prosperous.Popular novelists portrayed the image of“virtuous wives”from a distinct male angle,which also revealed the changes in the spirit and mentality of the intellectuals facing the imperial examination from the late Ming to the middle of Qing Dynasty,namely from helplessness and enlightenment to the reflection of the imperial examination culture.Accordingly,“virtuous wives”also carried the symbolic meaning of“ludu”(a man who seeks fame and fortune),which represented the growth of intellectual spirit.

关 键 词：明清通俗小说 贤妻 科举 男性视角 文人精神 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]