社区体育环境对青少年余暇体育锻炼的影响:邻里关系、内部动机的多重中介效应  

Influence of Community Physical Activity Environment on Adolescents’ Leisure Physical Exercise: The Multiple Mediating Effects of Neighborhood Relationship and Internal Motivation

作　　者：陈萱[1] 朱从庆 CHEN Xuan;ZHU Congqing(Shanghai Dianji University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)

机构地区：[1]上海电机学院,上海201306 [2]上海师范大学,上海200234

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2022年第12期57-64,共8页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：国家体育总局决策咨询研究项目(2019-C-24)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨社区体育环境对青少年余暇体育锻炼的综合影响,并考察邻里关系、内部动机的多重中介效应以及性别的调节效应。方法:采用社区体育环境量表、邻里关系量表、内部动机量表、体育活动等级量表等,对2 247名初中生进行调查。结果:对于初中阶段的青少年而言,社区体育环境、邻里关系的性别差异均不显著,而内部动机、余暇体育锻炼的性别差异均显著,差异效应量分别为0.129(Cohen’s d=0.260)和0.263(Cohen’s d=0.546);社区体育环境、邻里关系、内部动机分别对青少年余暇体育锻炼的影响显著,分别解释了11.4%、10.8%和19.6%的变异;在社区体育环境影响青少年余暇体育锻炼时,邻里关系和内部动机的多重中介效应显著,多重中介效应量为19.80%,且性别正向调节了邻里关系对余暇体育锻炼的影响,负向调节了内部动机对余暇体育锻炼的影响。结论:初中阶段的青少年,男生的锻炼内部动机和余暇体育锻炼好于女生;社区体育环境、邻里关系和内部动机是青少年余暇体育锻炼的促进因素,且社区体育环境可以通过增进邻里关系来激发青少年锻炼内部动机,进而促进余暇体育锻炼;此外,相较之下,邻里关系更易改善女生余暇体育锻炼水平,而内部动机更易促进男生余暇体育锻炼状况。Objective: To explored the influence of community physical activity environment on adolescents’ leisure physical exercise, and investigateing the multiple mediating effect of neighborhood relationship and internal motivation, and the moderated effect of gender. Methods:Community physical activity environment scale, neighborhood relationship scale, internal motivation scale and the physical activity rating scale were used to make the investigation on 2 247adolescents of junior high school students. Results: For adolescent of junior high school student,the gender differences in community physical activity environment and neighborhood relationship were not significant, while the gender differences in internal motivation and leisure physical exercise were significant, and the effect sizes of the difference were 0.129(Cohen’s d=0.260) and 0.263(Cohen’s d=0.546). Regression analysis indicated that the community physical activity environment, neighborhood relationship and internal motivation had the significant positive effects on adolescents’ leisure physical exercise, and these three factors mutation rates were 11.4%, 10.8% and 19.6% respectively. When the community physical activity environment affected adolescents’ leisure physical exercise, the multiple mediating effect of neighborhood relationship and internal motivation was significant, and the amount of multiple mediating effect was 19.80%. Moreover, the gender positively regulated the influence of neighborhood relationship on adolescents’ leisure physical exercise, and it negatively regulated the influence of internal motivation on their leisure physical exercise. Conclusions: For adolescent of junior high school student, male internal motivation and leisure physical exercise are better than female.Community physical activity environment, neighborhood relationship and internal motivation are the factors that promote adolescents’ leisure physical exercise. In addition, the community physical activity environment can stimulate the internal motivatio

关 键 词：青少年 余暇体育锻炼 社区体育环境 邻里关系 内部动机 

分 类 号：G812.4[文化科学—体育学]