名言与心识:《齐物论释》对佛教语言哲学的阐发  

Name and Consciousness:A Philosophical Interpretation of Language in Qiwulun Shi

作　　者：王颂[1] Wang Song

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学研究》2022年第12期45-53,123,124,共11页Philosophical Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“域外藏多语种民国佛教文献群的发掘、整理与研究”(编号21&ZD251)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《齐物论释》是章太炎的重要哲学著作。本文聚焦于该著作探讨的“名言”问题,将其还原到佛教思想史和庄学的脉络,比较分析毗昙、中观、唯识和如来藏各系对语言问题的论述,以及章氏对上述派别思想的吸收与阐发。本文还以语言问题为线索,分析《齐物论释》中提及的僧肇、华严宗与《庄子》的关系,判别章氏结论的得失。本文认为,《齐物论释》借鉴佛教哲学而多有创新,其哲学价值值得重视。如以“平等”释“齐物”,以语言的“平等性”为“平等”的形而上学基础,以佛教心识说来统摄名言等说法都超出了前人的范围,值得进一步研究。Qiwulun Shiis an important philosophical work of Zhang Taiyan. This paper focuses on the problem of “Name” discussed in this work, restores it to the context of the history of Buddhist thought and Zhuangzi School, compares and analyzes the discourse on language of various sects of Abhidharma, Madhyamika,Yogacara and Tathagatagarbha, as well as Zhang’s absorption and interpretation of the above scholastic sects.This paper also takes the language problem as the clue to analyze the relationship between Seng Zhao, Huayansect and Zhuangzi mentioned inQiwulun Shi, and judge the gains and losses of Zhang’s conclusion. Althoughsome views atQiwulun Shineed to be reconsidered, its philosophical creativity deserves attention. Forexample, it is beyond the scope of predecessors to use “equality” to interpret “qiwu”, regard language as themetaphysical basis of “equality”, and use the theory of consciousness to interpret language, which is worthy offurther study.

关 键 词：章太炎 《齐物论释》 名言 心识 语言问题 

分 类 号：B259.2[哲学宗教—中国哲学]