德·摩根的数学教育思想及其现代价值  

De Morgan’s Thought of Mathematics Education and Its Modern Value

作　　者：王瑞芳 代钦[1] WANG Rui-fang;DAI Qin(Institute for the History of Science and Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学科学技术史研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《数学教育学报》2023年第1期87-92,共6页Journal of Mathematics Education

基　　金：内蒙古自治区2020年博士研究生科研创新资助重点项目——林鹤一对中国数学教育的贡献研究(BZ2020070)。

摘　　要：英国19世纪著名数学家、数学教育家德·摩根的《数学学习及其困难》是一部数学教育经典著作,也是德·摩根用于实际教学、以手写笔记形式完成的教材.德·摩根充分肯定数学及数学教育在人一生中所发挥的卓越贡献,也强调逻辑推理的重要作用.该书体现了德·摩根的数学教育思想及教学方法,凝练了德·摩根对于学生数学学习中渗透数学史及提升推理能力的思想方法.德·摩根根据经验总结了学生由于直觉引起的干扰,以及由于数学符号、概念等高度抽象而引起的理解、模仿甚至提升上的困难.在他的教学中,逻辑证明严格按照程序进行.他还从教材编写及素材选择、教学方法以及推理能力的培养3个方面提出了教师的应对措施.德·摩根的这些经验和思想对中国当下数学学科核心素养的落实具有重要的借鉴作用.On the Study and Difficulties of Mathematics written by de Morgan,a famous British mathematician and mathematics educator in the 19th century,is a classic work in mathematics education,and it is also a textbook that de Morgan used for practical teaching and completed in the form of handwritten notes.De Morgan fully affirms the outstanding contribution of mathematics and mathematics education in one’s life,and also emphasizes the important role of logical reasoning.The book reflects De Morgan’s mathematics education thought and teaching method,and condenses de Morgan’s idea of infiltrating mathematics in students’mathematics learning history and the way of thinking to improve reasoning ability.De Morgan summed up the students’interference caused by intuition,as well as the difficulties in understanding,imitation and even improvement caused by the high abstraction of mathematical symbols and concepts.In his teaching,the logical proof is carried out in strict accordance with the procedures.He also proposes teachers’countermeasures from the following three aspects:textbook compilation and material selection,teaching methods,and the cultivation of reasoning ability.These experiences and thoughts of de Morgan have great significance for the implementation of the core competencies of the current mathematics discipline in our country.

关 键 词：德·摩根 《数学学习及其困难》 数学学习 数学教学 现代价值 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]