江西省2011—2020年学校食源性疾病暴发事件分析  

Analysis of school foodborne disease outbreaks in Jiangxi Province from 2011 to 2020

作　　者：陈丽敏 刘成伟[3,4] 梁新民 周厚德 游兴勇[3,4] 刘道峰 刘洋[3,4] 姜茗 CHEN Li-min;LIU Cheng-wei;LIANG Xin-min;ZHOU Hou-de;YOU Xing-yong;LIU Dao-feng;LIU Yang;JIANG Ming(School of Public Health,Nanchang University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330006,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学公共卫生学院,江西南昌330006 [2]江西省预防医学重点实验室,江西南昌3300061 [3]江西省疾病预防控制中心,江西南昌330029 [4]江西省食源性疾病诊断溯源重点实验室,江西南昌330029

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第3期551-555,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82003467);江西省重点研发计划(20192BBGL70053);江西省自然科学基金面上项目(20202BAB206066);江西省卫计委科研项目(SKJP_220211996,202110115)。

摘　　要：目的 了解江西省2011—2020年学校食源性疾病暴发事件的流行特征,为制订食源性疾病防控策略提供科学依据。方法 收集江西省2011—2020年食源性疾病暴发监测系统报告的学校食源性疾病暴发事件资料进行描述性分析。结果 江西省2011—2020年报告学校食源性疾病暴发事件72起,涉及暴露人数19 858人,累计发病人数882人,住院297人,死亡1人;9月是江西省学校食源性疾病的高峰期;吉安市、上饶市、南昌市的学校食源性疾病暴发事件数居前三;中、小学校是食源性疾病事件高发场所。除原因不明事件外,致病微生物及毒素是学校食源性疾病暴发的主要致病因素,主要引起学校食源性疾病暴发事件的致病菌是金黄色葡萄球菌;交叉污染是学校食源性疾病暴发的主要引发环节。结论 江西省学校食源性疾病暴发事件主要由致病微生物引起,提示夏秋季应继续加强学校食堂食品安全风险排查,采取有效措施预防因食品交叉污染和存储不当而导致的细菌性食源性疾病暴发事件。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of school foodborne disease outbreaks in Jiangxi Province from 2011 to 2020, to provide scientific evidence for foodborne disease prevention and control. Methods Data of school foodborne disease incidents were collected from the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System in Jiangxi Province during 2011 and 2020 and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 72 outbreaks of school foodborne diseases were reported in Jiangxi Province in the past 10 years involving 19 858 exposed persons, 882 cumulative cases, 297 hospitalizations, and 1death. September was the peak of foodborne diseases in schools in Jiangxi Province. The number of school foodborne disease outbreaks in Ji’an, Shangrao, and Nanchang ranked the top three. Middle and primary schools were the places with high incidence of foodborne disease events. Except for unexplained events, pathogenic microorganisms and toxins were the main pathogenic factors in school foodborne disease outbreaks. The main pathogenic bacteria causing school foodborne disease outbreaks was Staphylococcusaureus. Cross-contamination was the main cause of outbreaks of foodborne diseases in schools.Conclusion Outbreaks of foodborne diseases in schools in Jiangxi Province are mainly caused by pathogenic microorganisms,suggesting that food safety risk investigation in school canteens should continue to be strengthened in summer and autumn,and effective measures should be taken to prevent bacterial outbreaks of foodborne diseases caused by cross-contamination and improper storage of food.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 学校 疾病暴发流行 公共卫生 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]