从中西“是论”之别到“语言学之后”  

Comparative Analysis on Ontological Being and Linguistic Shift Based on the Eastern and Western Metaphysical Deconstruction and Integration

作　　者：邓晓芒[1] DENG Xiao-mang

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学哲学学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《湖北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期59-69,I0002,F0003,共13页Journal of Hubei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

摘　　要：西方形而上学的“物理学之后”与中国形而上学的“伦理学之后”在现代都遭到了解构。从双方各自不同的两种“是论”的分析中可以看出:西方形而上学解构的原因在于过分执着于“是”的逻辑系词功能,并以此偷换到对“存在”的本体论承诺;中国形而上学解构的原因则在于通过隐喻中“是”与“不是”的同一性而暗示了语言底下的非逻辑的诗性承诺。前者由于对语言的逻辑功能的片面化和极端化而成为单纯形式主义的工具,后者则用语言的非逻辑功能的反语言学倾向而使形而上学本身走向沉默。这两者都由于自身的原因而失去了在全面丰富的语言基础上建立“语言学之后”的可能。在吸收中西两种形而上学各自的长处而避免其弊病的前提下,则可以构想一个以语言的诗性本质为基础,既容纳了西方形而上学“外在超越”的真理论,同时又具有中国形而上学“内在超越”的境界论的新型形而上学的蓝图,即“语言学之后”的终极超越蓝图。Both the“post-physics”of Western metaphysics and the“post-ethics”of Chinese metaphysics have been deconstructed in modern times.It can be seen from the analysis that the reason for the deconstruction of Western metaphysics lies in the over-obsession with the logical function of“being”and its covert transformation to the ontological commitment to“being”,while the reason for the deconstruction of Chinese metaphysics lies in the non-logical and poetic commitment underneath the language implied by the identity of“being”and“non-being”in the metaphor.The former has become a tool of mere formalism due to the one-sidedness and extremity of focusing on the logical function of language only,while the latter has silenced metaphysics itself with the anti-linguistic tendency of the non-logical function of language.Both have lost the possibility of building a“post-linguistics”(post-philology)on the basis of comprehensive and full functions of language as such.By the efforts of absorbing the strengths of both Chinese and Western metaphysics while avoiding their shortcomings,this paper conceives a new type of metaphysics based on the poetic nature of language.This new type of metaphysics,which accommodates the truth theory of“external transcendence”of Western metaphysics and at the same time has the realm theory of“internal transcendence”of Chinese metaphysics,is an ultimate and superior blueprint of“post-linguistics”.

关 键 词：“是论” 形而上学 本体论承诺 隐喻 诗性承诺 “语言学之后” 

分 类 号：B081.1[哲学宗教—哲学理论]