褐点石斑鱼鱼肉及其副产物的脂肪酸分析  

Fatty Acid Analysis of Brown Spotted Grouper(Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) Muscle and Its by-Products

作　　者：崔景涛 李川 裴志胜 曹君 CUI Jingtao;LI Chuan;PEI Zhisheng;CAO Jun(Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province,School of Food Science and Engineering,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Marine Food Engineering Technology Research Center of Hainan Province,College of Food Science and Engineering,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya 572022,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学食品科学与工程学院,海南省食品营养与功能食品重点实验室,海南海口570228 [2]海南热带海洋学院食品科学与工程学院,海南省海洋食品工程技术研究中心,海南三亚572022

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第7期73-81,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(320MS056,320RC514)。

摘　　要：为了评估褐点石斑鱼的脂肪酸组成特点,采用固相萃取和气相色谱技术对鱼肉、头、皮和内脏的脂质含量、总脂及各脂类脂肪酸组成,甘油三酯(triacylglycerols,TAG)和磷脂(phospholipids,PL)中脂肪酸的位置分布进行了较全面的分析。石斑鱼鱼头和内脏中含有丰富的糖脂(saccharolipids,SL)和PL。在各组织总脂中,必需脂肪酸的含量占总脂肪酸的24.17%~24.51%,二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)及二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)的含量为12.42%~13.73%,动脉粥状硬化指数、血栓形成指数和n-6/n-3的比例处于较低水平。多不饱和脂肪酸(polyunsaturated fatty acids,PUFA),尤其是DHA+EPA(28.43%~37.37%)在PL中的比例要远高于在其它脂类中的占比。饱和脂肪酸主要分布在TAG和PL的sn-2位,单不饱和脂肪酸主要分布在TAG的sn-1,3位和PL的sn-2位,PUFA倾向于分布在TAG的sn-1,3位和PL的sn-1位;TAG中,DHA主要分布在sn-2位,而在PL中DHA主要分布在sn-1位,有利于提高DHA的生物利用率。因此,褐点石斑鱼脂质组成丰富,DHA在TAG和PL中的位置分布特点使其更易被人体所利用,可以作为DHA-TAG和DHA-PL的潜在来源,具有较高的综合利用价值。In order to evaluate the fatty acid composition characteristics of brown spotted grouper,a comprehensive analysis of the lipid yields,fatty acid compositions of total lipid and different lipid classes,and the stereospecific distributions of fatty acids in triacylglycerols(TAG) and phospholipids(PL) in muscle,head,skin and viscera was performed using solidphase extraction and gas chromatography(GC) techniques.Rich saccharolipids(SL) and PL were found in the head and viscera.In the total fat of each tissue,the content of essential fatty acids ranged from 24.17% to 24.51% of the total fatty acids,and the content of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA) ranged from 12.42% to 13.73% of the total fatty acids,with the index of atherogenicity,index of thrombogenicity and n-6/n-3 ratio were at low levels.Moreover,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),especially DHA+EPA(28.43%~37.37%),accounted for a much higher percentage of PL than in other lipid classes.Saturated fatty acids were mainly distributed in the sn-2 positions of TAG and PL,and monounsaturated fatty acids were mainly distributed in sn-1,3 positions of TAG and sn-2 position of PL.Furthermore,PUFA tended to be distributed in sn-1,3 positions of TAG and sn-1 position of PL.Interesting,DHA was mainly bonded to the sn-2 site of TAG and sn-1 site of PL,which was beneficial for their bioavailability.Hence,the lipid profiles of brown spotted grouper are abundant,and the positional distribution characteristics of DHA in TAG and PL makes it easier to be utilized by human body,which can be a potential source of DHA-TAG and DHA-PL with high comprehensive utilization value.

关 键 词：褐点石斑鱼 气相色谱 脂肪酸组成 脂肪酸位置分布 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]