幼儿园大班家长焦虑状况特征及类型分析  

Analysis on the Characteristics and Types of Parents,Anxiety in Kindergarten

作　　者：祖静 滕婉琪 刘安琪 夏小涵 贺敬雯 ZU Jing;TENG Wan-qi;LIU An-qi;AN Xiao-han;HE Jing-wen(School of Preschool and Primary Education,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110024,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学学前与初等教育学院,辽宁沈阳110024

出　　处：《陕西学前师范学院学报》2023年第3期32-44,共13页Journal of Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年项目(CHA200264)。

摘　　要：运用自编《幼儿园大班家长焦虑状况量表》对471名幼儿园大班家长进行调查,结果发现:幼儿园大班家长因幼儿入园产生的焦虑情绪主要表现为教育焦虑、安全焦虑和生活适应焦虑。整体而言焦虑水平中等偏上,但不同维度得分之间差异较大,教育焦虑层面上的分值明显更高,而安全焦虑的分值水平相对最低;幼儿园大班家长焦虑在角色、年龄、所在地、家庭年收入、学历、胎次等人口学变量上存在显著差异,整体来看母亲焦虑更多,在教育焦虑和生活适应焦虑方面,城市家长焦虑水平高于农村家长,安全焦虑上农村家长焦虑水平高于城市家长。低收入、低学历、首胎家长焦虑水平较高。通过聚类分析,可以将大班家长分为教育适应焦虑型、安全焦虑型以及中等焦虑型三种类型。针对幼儿园大班家长焦虑问题,应特别关注教育及生活适应焦虑的解决,重视母亲、低社会经济地位及首胎家长的焦虑调节,提高家长的心理调节与适应能力,帮助其做好幼小衔接。The study investigates 471 parents of kindergarten senior classes by using the self-compiled"Parents of Kindergarten Senior Classes Anxiety Scale".The results shows that the parents anxiety about their children's admission to kindergarten was mainly manifested as education anxiety,safety anxiety and life adjustment anxiety.On the whole,the anxiety level was medium to above.But there was a large difference among different dimensions.The score of education anxiety was significantly higher,while the score of safety anxiety was relatively lowest.There are significant differences of kindergarten parents'anxiety in demographic variables such as role,age,location,annual household income,education background and fetal secondary.Overall mothers show more anxiety.In terms of education anxiety and life adjustment anxiety,urban parents'anxiety level is higher than rural parents',while rural parents'anxiety level is higher than urban parents'in terms of safety anxiety.Low income,low education,first-child parents have higher anxiety levels.Through cluster analysis,parents of senior class can be divided into three types:educational adjustment anxiety type,safety anxiety type and medium anxiety type.In view of parents'anxiety in kindergarten,the paper suggests that we should pay special attention to the solution of education and life adjustment anxiety,attach importance to anxiety adjustment of mothers and partents of low socioeconomic status and first-born families,improve parents'psychological adjustment and adaptability,and help them do a good job in the connection between kindergartens and elementary schools.

关 键 词：大班家长 焦虑状况 幼小衔接 

分 类 号：G610[文化科学—学前教育学] B844.1[文化科学—教育学]