基于缩比模型的独立车轮转向架蛇行运动研究  

Research on hunting motion of independent wheel bogie based on scale model

作　　者：吴庆 王文静[1] 杨超[1] 黄鹏 WU Qing;WANG Wenjing;YANG Chao;HUANG Peng(School of Mechanical and Electronic Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;China Railway New Communication Investment Co.,Ltd.,Hefei 231600,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044 [2]中铁合肥新型交通产业投资有限公司,合肥231600

出　　处：《北京交通大学学报》2023年第1期126-133,共8页JOURNAL OF BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3400703-06);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(P2021J003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2021RC248,2021RC249)。

摘　　要：独立车轮可绕车轴自由转动,轮轴之间的刚性耦合被解除,导致轮轨纵向蠕滑力消失.轮轴系统在直线上难以自动对中,其导向问题亟须解决.通过将麦弗逊悬架结构应用于独立车轮转向架,并采用相似理论论证缩比模型的可行性,建立同侧转动轴线呈“V”字形倾斜的独立车轮转向架1/20比例模型,并制作样机进行直线运行试验,同时开展全尺寸转向架模型动力学仿真.研究结果表明:新的独立车轮转向架在直线上能够重现蛇行运动现象,仿真结果与缩比试验结果相吻合,并且随着运行速度的提升,独立轮对的蛇行运动愈发剧烈;在轮轴系统中安装刚度为7.5 MN/m的横向弹簧,能够使转向架前轴横向运动幅值和频率分别降低72%和79%;通过调整一系悬挂参数和横向弹簧刚度,可以实现转向架的直线自动对中.The independent wheel can rotate freely around the axle,and the rigid coupling between the wheels and axles is released,leading to the disappearance of the longitudinal creep force of the wheel tracks.The wheel-axle system is difficult to be automatically aligned in a straight line,and its guiding problem needs to be solved urgently.This paper applies the MacPherson suspension structure to the independent wheel bogies,and uses similar theory to demonstrate the feasibility of the scale model.A 1/20 scale model of the independent wheel bogie with an “V” shaped tilted rotation axis on the same side is established,a prototype is built for linear operation test,and the dynamic simulation of the full-scale bogie model is carried out.The results show that the new independent wheel bogie can reproduce the hunting motion phenomenon in a straight line,and the simulation results are consistent with the scalability testing results.With the increase of the running speed,the hunting motion of the independent wheelset becomes increasingly intense.Installing a transverse spring with a stiffness of 7.5MN/m in the axle system can reduce the amplitude and frequency of the front axle transverse motion for bogie by 72% and 79%,respectively.By adjusting a series of suspension parameters and the lateral spring stiffness,the bogie can be automatically aligned in a straight line.

关 键 词：机车车辆 独立车轮转向架 缩比试验 蛇行运动 

分 类 号：U271.7[机械工程—车辆工程]