中国日语学习者被动句使用倾向研究——从语义和语篇的日汉对比视角分析  

A Study on Chinese JFL Learners' Tendencies in Using Passive Sentences:From the perspective of Semantic and Textual Comparison between Japanese and Chinese

作　　者：陈冬姝 Chen Dongshu(Japanese Studies of Beijing Foreign Studies University,China)

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学北京日本学研究中心

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2023年第1期109-122,共14页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助;北京外国语大学2021年度基本科研业务费项目“基于口语语料的汉日语态选择对比研究”(项目批准号:2021JJ011)的阶段研究成果,项目主持人:陈冬姝。

摘　　要：语言对比研究与外语教学如何进行有效衔接,一直是学界的共同关注所在。文章结合日汉对比研究成果,从语义倾向和主语生命度两个视角,定量考察了中国日语学习者产出的被动句跟日语母语者、汉语母语者之间的倾向性异同。研究发现:(1)日汉被动句在语义功能和语篇功能的显赫程度相反,该差异反映到学习者身上,呈现出语义和语篇功能的不平衡性;(2)中国日语学习者产出的被动句在表达“被害、受影响”的语义功能层面更贴近汉语母语者的使用习惯,在以说话人“我”为叙述视角的语篇功能层面更贴近日语母语者的表达习惯。How to effectively link contrastive language research with foreign language teaching is a common concern in academia.Based on the results of Japanese-Chinese contrastive studies,this paper quantitatively examines the similarities and differences among the passive sentences outputted by Chinese JFL learners,Japanese native speakers,and Chinese native speakers from the perspective of semantic orientation and life of subject.The findings are as follows:(1) Japanese and Chinese passive sentences allow opposite degrees of prominence in semantic function and textual function.Thus,the Japanese passive sentences outputted by Chinese JFL learners show an imbalance between these two functions.(2) The passive sentences produced by Chinese JFL learners are closer to the usage habits of Chinese native speakers in the semantic function,and closer to the expression habits of Japanese native speakers in the textual function.

关 键 词：被动句 语义倾向 主语生命度 中国日语学习者 日汉对比 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]