碳晶烤房内气体及烤后烟叶的挥发性成分研究  

Study on Gas in Carbon-Crystal Barn and Volatile Components of Cured Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：李贤 任杰[1] 周之蔚 曹建敏[1] 孟霖[1] 谭效磊 刘莉 谭青涛 高云鹏 徐秀红[1] Li Xian;Ren Jie;Zhou Zhiwei;Cao Jianmin;Meng Lin;Tan Xiaolei;Liu Li;Tan Qingtao;Gao Yunpeng;Xu Xiuhong(Tobacco Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266101,China;Graduate School,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Shanghai Tobacco Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200082,China;Linyi Tobacco Company of Shandong Province,Linyi 276000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所/农业农村部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,山东青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]上海烟草集团有限责任公司,上海200082 [4]山东临沂烟草有限公司,山东临沂276000

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第3期75-82,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司山东省公司科技重点项目“无人值守电热泵烤房设备及技术模式研究与推广”(201801);中国烟草总公司山东省公司科技重点项目“烤烟固香增柔新型烘烤设备及配套技术研究”(202102);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-TRIC03)。

摘　　要：本研究以燃煤烤房为对照,采用固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱(SPME-GC/MS)联用检测手段及PLS-DA等分析方法研究碳晶烤房对烤房内气体和烤后烟叶中挥发性成分的影响。结果表明:与燃煤烤房相比,碳晶烤房气体中新植二烯、苯甲醛、正十一烷、正十二烷、正二十烷含量极显著降低(P<0.01),占比分别降低2.869、0.089、0.186、0.266个和0.309个百分点;碳晶烤房烤后烟叶中烟碱含量降低4.377个百分点,新植二烯、西柏三烯一醇、苯乙醛含量极显著增加(P<0.01),分别增加3.152、0.017、0.057个百分点。碳晶烤房烤后烟感官评吸质量总分为72.8分,比燃煤烤房提高2.8分,主要在香气质、香气量、余味方面有所提升。综上,碳晶烤房内气体与烤后烟叶中挥发性成分与燃煤烤房存在差异,且烤后烟叶感官评吸质量明显提升,碳晶烤房能够通过减少烘烤过程中烟叶挥发性成分的挥发损耗进而提升烟叶品质。With the coal-fired barn as the control,the gas in the carbon-crystal barn and the volatile components in the cured tobacco leaves were detected by the solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(SPME-GC/MS)and analyzed by PLS-DA.The results showed that compared with the coal-fired barn,the contents of neophytadiene,benzaldehyde,n-undecane,n-dodecane and n-eicosane in the carbon-crystal barn decreased significantly(P<0.01),and their proportions decreased by 2.869,0.089,0.186,0.266 and 0.309 percentage points,respectively.The nicotine content in tobacco leaves after cured in carbon-crystal barn decreased by 4.377 percentage points,while the contents of neophytadiene,cembratrien-ol and phenylacetaldehyde increased significantly(P<0.01)by 3.152,0.017 and 0.057 percentage points,re-spectively.The total score of smoking quality of tobacco leaves cured in carbon-crystal barn was 72.8,which was 2.8 higher than that in coal-fired barn,and the improvement was mainly in aroma quality,aroma quantity and aftertaste.To sum up,there were differences in volatile components of cured tobacco leaves and gas in carbon-crystal barn compared with coal-fired barn,and the sensory evaluation quality of cured tobacco leaves improved obviously.Carbon-crystal barn could improve the quality of tobacco leaves by reducing volatilization of volatile components during curing.

关 键 词：烟叶烘烤 挥发性成分 致香成分 碳晶烤房 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]