食用色素红曲红组分分析与初步安全性评价研究  

Composition analysis and preliminary safety evaluation of edible Monascus red pigment

作　　者：王柯新 谭剑斌[2] 黄振峰 王红霞 杨杏芬 陈壁锋[2] 胡婷婷[3] 黄志彪[2] 赵敏[2] 曾转萍 WANG Kexin;TAN Jianbin;HUANG Zhenfeng;WANG Hongxia;YANG Xingfen;CHEN Bifeng;HU Tingting;HUANG Zhibiao;ZHAO Min;ZENG Zhuanping(School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangdong Guangzhou 510310,China;Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong Guangzhou 511430,China;School of Biology and Biological Engineering,South China University of Technology,Guangdong Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Public Health,Southern Medical University,Guangdong Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510310 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心,广东广州511430 [3]华南理工大学生物科学与工程学院,广东广州510006 [4]南方医科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510515

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2023年第2期163-173,共11页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B020210002,2019B02021001);广州市科技计划(201803010105)。

摘　　要：目的对食用色素红曲红开展关键组分分析和毒理学评价,为进一步利用提供基础数据。方法通过GB 1886.181—2016对红曲红样品进行鉴别试验和理化指标检测,并采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定样品中桔青霉素(CIT)和莫拉可林(Monacolin K)含量水平。采用超高效液相色谱-静电场轨道阱-质谱(UPLC-Orbitrap-MS2),对红曲红的组分及其含量进行分析,并对分子结构进行表征。采用限量法开展红曲红小鼠急性经口毒性实验,在此基础上,开展SD大鼠经口14 d毒性实验。结果受试样品红曲红的质量规格符合食品安全国家标准要求,其中CIT和Monacolin K的含量分别为0.0308 mg/kg(单位色价计)和0.166 mg/g;受试样品检测出20种组分,其中红色素、橙色素、黄色素比例分别为88.38%、2.04%、5.96%。小鼠急性经口毒性实验结果红曲红半数致死量(LD50)>20 g/kg·BW;大鼠14 d经口毒性实验,5 g/kg·BW剂量组与对照组比较,一般临床观察、血液学、血清生化、尿液常规、病理学检查等指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论受试样品红曲红由红色素为主要特征成分的多组分构成,初步安全性评价未见明显的毒性作用和靶器官,可为进一步长期安全性研究提供参考。Objective To provide scientific basis for the development and utilization of edible pigment Monascus red,the analysis of its key components and toxicological evaluation were carried out.Methods Identification test and physicochemical indexes test were carried out based on the samples according to the method in National food safety standard GB 1886.181—2016.The content of citrinin(CIT)and Monacolin K were detected through high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).UPLC-Orbitrap-MS2 were used for chemical composition and content determination,in which the molecular structure was also characterized.The 14-day oral toxicity test of SD rats was carried out,based on the acute oral toxicity test of Monascus red by the limited method.Results The quality and specification of test samples conformed to the provisions of China National Food Safety Standard.The content of CIT and Monacolin K was 0.0308 mg/kg(converted as one color value)and 0.166 mg/g.Twenty compounds were separated in Monascus red by UPLC-Orbitrap-MS2,red pigment,orange pigment and yellow pigment of it accounted for 88.38%,2.04%and 5.96%,respectively.The results of acute oral toxicity showed that Monascus red was innocuous(LD50>20 g/kg·BW).In the 14-day repeated oral dose toxicity test,compared with the control group,rats in 5 g/kg·BW dose group exhibited no significant differences in the general clinical observation,growth and development,hematology,blood biochemistry,routine urine detection,gross anatomy,organ weight,organ-to-body ratio,and histopathological examinations.Conclusion Monascus red is composed of multiple components characterized by red pigments.There is no obvious toxic effects found in the preliminary safety evaluation,which can provide reference for further long-term research.

关 键 词：红曲红 食用色素 成分分析 安全性评价 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]