密云区黄土坎鸭梨品质及抗褐变原因分析  

Analysis of the quality of Huangtukan Yali pear in Miyun district and explanation the reasons for the browning resistance

作　　者：田瑞冬 杨海莹 刘阳 TIAN Ruidong;YANG Haiying;LIU Yang(Miyun District Forestry and Parks Bureau of Beijing Municipality,Beijing 101500,China;College of Plant Science Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市密云区园林绿化局,北京101500 [2]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2023年第2期49-53,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：北京市密云区园林绿化局黄土坎鸭梨“梨中之王”品质对比试验项目。

摘　　要：【目的】为了探明北京市密云区黄土坎鸭梨品质优良和抗褐变的原因。【方法】测定不同处理的鸭梨果实外观品质、营养品质、风味性状以及综合感官评价,并对鸭梨果实多酚氧化酶活性等进行测定;同时探讨黄土坎鸭梨栽培区域的土壤有机质和重金属含量等。【结果】鸭梨品质分析研究发现,喷施营养液和套袋处理的黄土坎鸭梨果实感官评价最高,且黄土坎鸭梨果实可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖含量、维生素C含量显著高于河北鸭梨;黄土坎鸭梨果实中的钙、铁、钾、镁、锌元素显著高于河北鸭梨。果实褐变研究发现,黄土坎鸭梨褐变程度低,且多酚氧化酶活性等显著低于河北鸭梨。此外,施用有机肥土壤有机质含量等显著高于其他栽培区域土壤有机质含量;且矿带土壤中重金属汞和砷含量相对较低,适合栽培黄土坎鸭梨。【结论】黄土坎鸭梨品质优于对照样品河北鸭梨,且喷施营养液并套袋的黄土坎鸭梨品质风味更好,抗褐变能力更强。[Objective]To investigate the causes of excellent fruit quality and resistance to browning of Yali pear in Huangtukan,Miyun District,Beijing.[Methods]The appearance quality,nutritional quality,flavor traits and comprehensive sensory evaluation of four Huangtukan Yali pear samples with different treatments were evaluated and measured.And also the polyphenol oxidase activity and soil sample index of Huangtukan Yali pear cultivation areas were determined.[Results]The study of Yali pear quality analysis found that the Yali pear of Huangtukan fruit with spraying nutrient solution and bagging treatment had the highest sensory evaluation,and the soluble solids content,soluble sugar content and vitamin C content of Huangtukan Yali pear were significantly higher than that of Hebei Yali pear.The calcium,iron,potassium,magnesium and zinc elements in the Huangtukan Yali pear fruit were significantly higher than that of Hebei Yali pear.Fruit browning research found that Huangtukan Yali pear browning degree was low,and polyphenol oxidase activity was significantly lower than Hebei Yali pear.In addition,the organic matter content of soil with organic fertilizer was significantly higher than other cultivation area soil organic matter content,and the mercury and arsenic content in mineral belt soil was relatively low.The mineral belt soil suitable for cultivation of Huangtukan Yali pear.[Conclusion]The fruit quality of Huangtukan Yali pear was better than that of Hebei Yali pear,and the quality and flavor of Huangtukan Yali pear sprayed with nutrient solution and bagged were better,and its browning resistance was stronger.

关 键 词：黄土坎鸭梨 感官评价 营养品质 褐变 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]