2019年十堰市主动监测食源性疾病流行病学及病原学特征分析  

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of active surveillance of foodborne illness in Shiyan in 2019

作　　者：李艳丽 王小霞 付磊 杨艳 付晛 郑向梅[1] LI Yanli;WANG Xiaoxia;FU Lei;YANG Yan;FU Xian;ZHANE Xiangmei(Shiyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shiyan,Hubei 442000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省十堰市疾病预防控制中心,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2023年第3期152-156,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2019年十堰市食源性疾病的流行病学及病原学特征,为预防和控制食源性疾病提供针对性措施。方法收集并分析2019年十堰市食源性疾病主动监测资料,并参照《2019年国家食源性疾病监测工作手册》对分离自患者的菌株进行血清学分型、PFGE分型及药敏试验。结果共分析3191例食源性疾病病例,学龄前儿童为高发病人群;粮食类及其制品为主要的可疑食品;进食场所多为家庭。共检测样品330份,病原检出率为20.30%(73/330),轮状病毒及沙门氏菌检出率高,分别为11.21%(37/330)及4.85%(16/330);学龄前儿童为高检出人群,检出率为57.27%(63/110)。14株分离自患者的沙门氏菌以鼠伤寒及肠炎沙门氏菌为主要血清型;PFGE分型聚类后获得14种不同型别;64.29%(9/14)为多重耐药株,对氨苄西林及四环素耐药率高,分别达71.43%(11/14)及64.29%(10/14)。结论应根据2019年十堰市食源性疾病的流行病学及病原学特征,加强食品安全宣教、完善食源性疾病监测网络体系并合理控制临床抗生素使用。Objective To realize the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of foodborne illness in Shiyan in 2019 and provide targeted measures for the prevention and control work of the foodborne illness.Methods The active surveillance data of foodborne illness in shiyan in 2019 were collected and analyzed.The Salmonella strains isolated from the patients with foodborne illness were tested with serotyping,PFGE molecular classification and drug sensitivity test respectively according to《National foodborne illness surveillance workbook 2019》.Result A total of 3191 cases of foodborne illness were analyzed.The pre-school children were the highest-risk group of foodborne diseases.Grain and grain product was the main suspicious contaminated food.The main location of eating place was family.A total of 330 samples were tested.The positive detection rate of foodborne illness was 20.30%(73/330).The main pathogen were Rotavirus and Salmonella,and the detection rates were 11.21%(37/330)and 4.85%(16/330)respectively.The pre-school children were the group with the highest detection rate,which was 57.27%(63/110).The dominant serotype of the 14 Salmonella strains isolated from patients were Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritis.14 different genotypes were obtained through PFGE classification and clustering.64.29%(9/14)of Salmonella strains were multidrug-resistant strains.The drug resistance rates of ampicillin and tetracycline were the highest,which were 71.43%(11/14)and 64.29%(10/14)respectively.Conclusions The publicity and education of food safety should be strengthened and the surveillance network system of foodborne disease should be further improved according to the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of foodborne illness in Shiyan in 2019,and the use of clinical antibiotics should be controlled reasonably as well.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 流行病学 沙门氏菌 血清分型 分子分型 耐药性 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]