知识扩散视域下知识单元的学术价值计量研究  

Research on the Academic Value of Knowledge Element from the Perspective of Knowledge Diffusion

作　　者：毕崇武 彭泽 沈雪莹 祁宁杰 Bi Chongwu

机构地区：[1]郑州大学信息管理学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州市数据科学研究中心,河南郑州450001 [3]华中师范大学信息管理学院,湖北武汉430079 [4]南京大学信息管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2023年第5期75-83,共9页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“基于词汇功能识别的交叉学科知识涌现机制研究”(项目编号:2022BZH008);中央高校基本科研业务费资助(创新资助)项目“文献内容视角下的知识单元数量、关系、质量与价值计量研究”(项目编号:2022CXZZ108);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“开源跨模态科技情报知识组织与智能分析”(项目编号:CCNU22QN016)的成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]以知识扩散为视角,探讨知识单元的学术价值形成机制,衡量知识单元粒度上的知识价值增量,为破除“以刊评文”的科研评价弊端提供方向。[方法/过程]首先,利用知识描述规则抽取学术文献中的知识单元;其次,在梳理现有研究的基础上,提出知识主体的知识结构描述方法,以及知识存量与流量的量化方法;然后,从知识主体的知识结构、知识存量、知识流量等客观可测维度,构建知识扩散视域下知识单元的学术价值形成机制;最后,将知识单元在知识扩散网络中的相互影响关系融入其学术价值计算过程中,并结合知识单元在知识扩散网络中的具体位置对其学术价值加以调整。[结果/结论]文中方法实现了知识单元粒度上的知识价值定量研究,其测得的知识价值能够较好地体现知识单元在领域知识扩散中的实际作用,使知识单元作为基本单位直接参与到学术价值评价。[Purpose/significance]From the perspective of knowledge diffusion,this paper establishes the formation mechanism of academic value of knowledge elements.We measure the increment of academic value of knowledge elements,and try to solve the drawbacks of scientific research evaluation based on knowledge carriers.[Method/process]Firstly,this paper uses knowledge description rules to extract knowledge elements from academic literature.Secondly,based on the existing research,this paper proposes the knowledge structure description method of the knowledge subject,as well as the knowledge stock and flow quantification method.Thirdly,from the objective and measurable dimensions of the knowledge subject's knowledge structure,knowledge stock,knowledge flow,construct the academic value formation mechanism of the knowledge elements from the perspective of knowledge diffusion.Finally,mutual influence between nodes in knowledge diffusion local network is integrated into the calculation of academic values,and the academic values of knowledge elements are adjusted according to the position of nodes in the whole network.[Result/conclusion]The quantitative method of academic value of knowledge element from the perspective of knowledge diffusion realizes the quantization of academic value in the granularity of knowledge element.Academic values based on this method can better reflect the roles of knowledge elements in knowledge diffusion and reveal many fine-grained characteristics that are difficult to present in the perspective of knowledge carries.This method makes knowledge element,as the basic unit of knowledge processing,can directly participate in the evaluation of academic value,and puts forward an idea to break the disadvantages of scientific research evaluation based on knowledge carriers.

关 键 词：学术价值 知识单元 知识扩散 知识计量 知识评价 

分 类 号：G254[文化科学—图书馆学]