补碘9年后青海省囊谦县儿童碘营养状况与智力水平评价  

Iodine nutritional status and intelligence level of children in Nangqian County,Qinghai Province after 9 years of iodine supplemention

作　　者：杨佩珍[1] 王一 甘培春[1] 李亚楠[1] 蒲光兰[1] 沈洪婷[1] 王明君 孟献亚[1] 张雪飞[1] 马静[1] 陈勋[1] 张金梅 Yang Peizhen;Wang Yi;Gan Peichun;Li Yanan;Pu Guanglan;Shen Hongting;Wang Mingjun;Meng Xianya;Zhang Xuefei;Ma Jing;Chen Xun;Zhang Jinmei(Department for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Xining 811602,China;Shenzhen Kangning Hospital,Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病预防控制所地方病预防控制科,西宁811602 [2]深圳市康宁医院,深圳518000

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2023年第4期310-313,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的追踪观察青海省囊谦县在实施以补碘为主的碘缺乏病干预措施9年后,8~10岁在校儿童的碘营养和智力发展状况。方法自2013年起,为改善囊谦县人群碘营养状况,连续9年实施免费发放碘盐、健康教育等碘缺乏病干预措施。分别于2012年5月(补碘前)和2021年9月(补碘后),选取相同的5个乡(镇),在每个乡(镇)中心小学选取当地出生的8~10岁儿童(男女各半、年龄均衡)作为调查对象。采集家中食用盐盐样及随意一次尿样,进行盐碘及尿碘检测;采用中国联合型瑞文测验(农村版)第二次修订版评估儿童智商(IQ),采用弗林效应(FE)增益量校正IQ,校正IQ值=(IQ起点值-当年IQ值)-FE增益量(按0.74/年计算);对比补碘前、后盐碘和尿碘相关指标,IQ值、校正IQ值的差异。结果补碘后,碘盐覆盖率达到100.00%(300/300),合格碘盐食用率达到95.00%(285/300);尿碘中位数提升到157.20μg/L,各指标均达到碘缺乏病消除标准。补碘后8~10岁儿童的IQ值为99.00±14.90,显著高于补碘前(82.00±13.20),差异有统计学意义(F=156.82,P<0.001);9年间的FE增益量为6.66,补碘后8~10岁儿童的IQ实际增益量为10.34。男、女性儿童,补碘前、后IQ值比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=78.84、78.88,均P<0.001)。补碘后8岁组与10岁组儿童IQ值比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.010);8、9、10岁组儿童,补碘前、后IQ值比较,差异均有统计学意义(F=55.23、65.79、36.85,均P<0.001)。结论以补碘为主的碘缺乏病干预措施可显著提升8~10岁儿童碘营养状况,对儿童智力发育有显著促进作用。Objective To follow up the iodine nutrition and intellectual development of school children aged 8-10 years old in Nangqian County of Qinghai Province after 9 years of the implementation of iodine deficiency disorders intervention measures with iodine supplement as the main measure.Methods In order to improve the iodine nutritional status of the population in Nangqian County,free iodized salt distribution,health education and other intervention measures for iodine deficiency disorders were implemented for 9 consecutive years since 2013.In May 2012(before iodine supplementation)and September 2021(after iodine supplementation),the same 5 townships(towns)were selected,and children aged 8-10 years old(half male and half female,age balanced)born locally in the central primary school of each township(town)were selected as the survey subjects.Household edible salt samples and random urine samples were collected for salt iodine and urinary iodine detection;the second revised version of the Chinese Combined Raven's Test(rural version)was used to assess the intelligence quotient(IQ)of children.The Flynn effect(FE)gain was used to adjust IQ,the corrected IQ=(IQ starting point value-current year's IQ value)-FE gain(calculated by 0.74/year).The differences of salt iodine and urinary iodine related indexes,IQ value and corrected IQ were compared before and after iodine supplementation.Results After iodine supplementation,the coverage rate of iodized salt reached 100.00%(300/300),and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt reached95.00%(285/300),the median urinary iodine increased to 157.20μg/L,and all indexes met the elimination standard of iodine deficiency disorders.The IQ value of children aged 8-10 years old after iodine supplementation was 99.00±14.90,significantly higher than that before iodine supplementation(82.00±13.20,F=156.82,P<0.001).The FE gain in 9 years was 6.66,and the actual IQ gain of children aged 8-10 years old after iodine supplementation was 10.34.There were statistically significant differences

关 键 词：碘 缺乏症 儿童 智力水平 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]