农产品中真菌毒素的微生物脱除研究进展  

Advances in Biological Removal of Mycotoxins from Agricultural Products

作　　者：孟晓 李景明[1] 杨丽丽[2] 杨晓 马丽艳[1,4] Meng Xiao;Li Jingming;Yang Lili;Yang Xiao;Ma Liyan(College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083;Beijing Changping Vocational School,Beijing 102206;Pingyi County Market Supervision Administration,Linyi 273300,Shandong;Lab of Storage and Preservation,Quality and Safety&Risk Assessment for Agri-Products(Beijing),Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京市昌平职业学校,北京102206 [3]平邑县市场监督管理局,山东临沂273300 [4]农业部农产品贮藏保鲜质量安全风险评估实验室(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2023年第4期435-450,共16页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41871341)。

摘　　要：农产品中的真菌毒素污染,不仅造成农业产业的巨大经济损失,而且直接危害人类的身体健康。虽然物理法与化学法在早期真菌毒素脱除中发挥了一定的作用,但是通过微生物脱除真菌毒素,作为一种安全、高效、经济的方式越来越受到认可。本文综述微生物对农产品中常见真菌毒素的两种主要脱除方式(吸附和降解),前者主要包括乳酸菌及酵母,以菌体吸附的方式,对黄曲霉毒素、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、赭曲霉毒素、T2毒素、伏马毒素B_(1)、展青霉素等真菌毒素的脱除效果较好;后者则集中体现在红球菌、芽孢杆菌、假单胞菌及酵母,依靠微生物代谢的方式对上述毒素进行降解。通过对研究报道的归纳和总结,概述了常见的真菌毒素脱除菌株及其代谢机制的研究进展,以及其在农产品真菌毒素脱毒方面的创新性变革。Mycotoxin pollution in agricultural products not only causes huge economic losses in the agricultural industry,but also directly endangers human health.Although physical and chemical methods have played a certain role in the early removal of mycotoxins,the removal of mycotoxins by microorganisms is increasingly recognized as a safe,efficient and economic way.In this paper,two main removal methods(adsorption and degradation)of common mycotoxins in agricultural products by microorganisms are reviewed.The former mainly includes lactic acid bacteria and yeasts,and the removal of aflatoxin,zearalenone,deoxynivalenol,ochratoxin,T2 toxin,fumotoxin B_(1),patulin and other mycotoxins by bacteria adsorption is better;the latter are concentrated in Rhodococcus,Bacillus,Pseudomonas and yeast,which rely on microbial metabolism to degrade the above toxins.By summarizing the research reports,this paper summarized the research progress of common mycotoxins removal strains and their metabolic mechanisms,as well as the innovative changes in the detoxification of agricultural products mycotoxins.

关 键 词：真菌毒素 微生物吸附 微生物降解 

分 类 号：TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]