灵芝亲本及其杂交菌株液态发酵胞外多糖理化特征及刺激Dectin-1受体和巨噬细胞活性比较  

Comparison of Physicochemical Characteristics and Stimulative Activity on Dectin-1 Receptor and Macrophages Between Extracellular Polysaccharides of Parental and Hybrid Ganoderma lucidum Strains

作　　者：段语嫣 冯杰[2] 唐传红[2] 刘利平 谭贻 周帅[2] 刘艳芳[2] 张劲松[2] DUAN Yuyan;FENG Jie;TANG Chuanhong;LIU Liping;TAN Yi;ZHOU Shuai;LIU Yanfang;ZHANG Jingsong(College of Food Science&Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Institute of Edible Fungi,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi,Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization(South),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing,Shanghai 201403,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学食品学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,国家食用菌工程技术研究中心,农业农村部南方食用菌资源利用重点实验室,国家食用菌加工技术研发分中心,上海201403

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2023年第3期60-67,共8页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：上海市现代农业产业技术体系[沪农科产字(2023)第9号];上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划[沪农科卓(2022)003]。

摘　　要：在相同条件下分别液态发酵培养赤芝(Ganoderma lucidum)G0119、G0154及其杂交菌株GZ36,比较不同发酵时间(24、48、72、96 h)所得胞外多糖的含量、重均分子量分布特征、单糖组成特征和免疫活性差异。结果表明:3个菌株的胞外液在21~26、34~44 min时间段均出现2个峰(P1、P3),而GZ36在26~33 min时出现峰P 2。在实验范围内,随着发酵时间延长,3个菌株的不同组分含量均呈现增加趋势。发酵终点72 h的胞外多糖P1、P2、P3的重均分子量分别为5.193×10^(6)~8.957×10^(6)、4.437×10^(6)、6.033×10^(4)~8.148×10^(4)g·mol^(-1)。与60%乙醇沉淀组分(60 E)相比,3个菌株胞外多糖的20%乙醇沉淀(20 E)组分的产量较高。与亲本菌株G0119、G0154的20E组分相比,杂交菌株GZ36的20E组分产量(0.46 g·L^(-1))较高,其多糖含量(82.96%)也较高;3个菌株的60E组分相比,菌株GZ36、G0154的产量(0.13、0.14 g·L^(-1))较高,菌株GZ36的多糖含量(78.76%)较高。杂交菌株GZ 36胞外多糖20 E组分(主要由葡萄糖组成)和60 E组分(主要由木糖组成)在单糖组成和比例上更接近亲本菌株G0154。与阴性对照相比,3个菌株的胞外多糖20E组分均表现出刺激Dectin-1受体的活性;60E组分均具有诱导巨噬细胞释放NO的活性。与亲本菌株相比,在200μg·mL^(-1)时,杂交菌株GZ36的60 E组分活性较强。研究结果为了解灵芝亲本与杂交菌株胞外多糖的异同提供参考。Ganoderma lucidum G0119,G0154 and their hybrid strain GZ36 were cultured by liquid fermentation under the same conditions,and then compared for extracellular polysaccharide content at different fermentation time(24 h,48 h,72 h,96 h),average weight molecular weight distribution,monosaccharide composition and immune activity.The results showed that there were two peaks(P1 and P3)in the extracellular fluid of the three strains at 21–26 and 34–44 min,respectively.The hybrid strain GZ 36 had a third peak P 2 at 26–33 min.In the experimental range,contents of polysaccharides in the three strains increased with the extension of fermentation time.At 72 h,The weight average molecular weights of P 1,P 2 and P 3 were 5.193×10^(6)–8.957×10^(6),4.437×10^(6)and 6.033×10^(4)–8.148×10^(4) g·mol^(-1),respectively.Compared with the 60%ethanol precipitation fraction(60 E)of the extracellular polysaccharides,the 20%ethanol precipitation fraction(20 E)had a higher yield.The 20 E yield of GZ36(0.46 g·L^(-1))was greater than that of G0119 and G0154,and its polysaccharide content(82.96%)was also higher.For 60 E,GZ 36 and G 0154 had relatively high yields,reaching 0.13 g·L^(-1)and 0.14 g·L^(-1),respectively.The 60 E of GZ 36 also had a high polysaccharide content(78.76%).GZ 36 resembled G 0154 in monosaccharide composition and proportion of 20 E(mainly composed of glucose)and 60 E(mainly composed of xylose).Compared with the negative control,the 20 E of the three strains stimulated Dectin-1,and the 60 E of the three strains induced macrophages to release NO.The 60 E activity of GZ 36 was higher than that of the parental strains at 200μg·mL^(-1).These results provided a reference for understanding the similarities and differences of extracellular polysaccharides between parental and hybrid strains of G.lucidum.

关 键 词：灵芝 胞外多糖 液态发酵 单糖组成 免疫活性 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] TS205.5[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]