添加植物油降低饲粮n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比值对生长肥育猪脂肪沉积和脂肪酸组成及脂代谢相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of Reducing Dietary n-6/n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio with Vegetable Oil Supplementation on Fat Deposition,Fatty Acid Composition and Expression of Genes Involved in Lipid Metabolism of Growing-Finishing Pigs

作　　者：魏芳 蒋苏苏 田程程[1] 符璐 于淇 戴洪伟 卢建雄[1] 张国华[1] WEI Fang;JIANG Susu;TIAN Chengcheng;FU Lu;YU Qi;DAI Hongwei;LU Jianxiong;ZHANG Guohua(College of Life Science and Engineering,Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou 730124,China;Gansu Agriculture Vocational and Technical College,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院,兰州730124 [2]甘肃农业职业技术学院,兰州730030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第5期2867-2881,共15页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860633);西北民族大学中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮添加植物油降低n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)比值对生长肥育猪脂肪沉积和脂肪酸组成及脂代谢相关基因表达的影响。试验选用54头体重[(45.30±1.72)kg]相近的“杜×长×大”三元杂交猪,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,每个重复3头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂含4.5%菜籽油(菜籽油组)和4.5%混合油(混合油组,菜籽油∶亚麻籽油=1∶1)的饲粮。3组饲粮粗脂肪含量分别为2.76%、7.24%和7.24%,n-6/n-3 PUFA比值分别约为10∶1、4∶1和2∶1,消化能和粗蛋白质含量基本相同。预试期7 d,正试期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加植物油显著提高生长肥育猪背最长肌肌内脂肪(IMF)含量(P<0.05),对平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G)及背膘厚无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加植物油显著提高背最长肌和皮下脂肪n-3及总PUFA含量(P<0.05),降低n-6/n-3 PUFA比值(P<0.05);与菜籽油组相比,混合油组背最长肌和皮下脂肪n-3 PUFA含量显著提高(P<0.05),n-6/n-3 PUFA比值显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮添加植物油显著提高背最长肌和皮下脂肪组织脂肪酸转位酶/CD36(FAT/CD36)和脂肪酸转运蛋白1(FATP1)mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),且混合油组背最长肌FAT/CD36和脂肪酸转运蛋白4(FATP4)mRNA相对表达量显著高于菜籽油组(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加植物油显著提高背最长肌碳水化合物反应元件结合蛋白(ChREBP)、葡萄糖转运子4(Glut4)及脂肪酸合酶(FAS)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)、脂肪酸延伸酶5(Elovl5)和脂肪酸延伸酶6(Elovl6)等生脂基因mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),显著降低皮下脂肪组织过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPARγ)、维甲酸X受体α(RXRα)及生脂基因mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加植物油降低饲粮n-6/n-3 PUFA比值可上调FAT/CD36和FATP1表达,促进猪肌肉和皮下脂肪组织吸收和�This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of reducing dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)ratio with vegetable oil supplementation on fat deposition,fatty acid composition and the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism of growing-finishing pigs.Fifty-four growing pigs(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire)at a live weight of(45.30±1.72)kg were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 3 pigs per replicate.The control group was fed a basal diet,and the experimental groups were fed diets containing 4.5%rapeseed oil(rapeseed oil group)and 4.5%mixed oil(mixed oil group,rapeseed oil∶linseed oil=1∶1),respectively.The levels of digestible energy and crude protein in all diets were the same except that the ether extract contents were 2.76%,7.24%and 7.24%,and the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios were about 10∶1,4∶1 and 2∶1,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 d after 7 d adaption.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,dietary vegetable oils significantly increased the intramuscular fat(IMF)content in longissimus dorsi muscle of growing-finishing pigs(P<0.05),but had no effects on the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),and feed to gain ratio(F/G)as well as the backfat thickness(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,dietary vegetable oils significantly increased the contents of n-3 and total PUFAs in longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous fat(P<0.05),and significantly decreased the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio(P<0.05);compared with rapeseed oil group,the n-3 PUFA content was significantly increased in longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous fat in mixed oil group(P<0.05),while the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was significantly decreased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,dietary vegetable oils significantly increased the mRNA relative expression levels of fatty acid translocase/CD36(FAT/CD36)and fatty acid transport protein 1(FATP1)in longissimus dorsi muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue(P<0.05),and the mRNA relative expression le

关 键 词：生长肥育猪 植物油 n-6/n-3 PUFA比值 肌内脂肪 脂肪酸组成 生脂基因 

分 类 号：S815.8[农业科学—畜牧学]