威宁黄牛及其杂交牛屠宰、肉质性状和化学组分的测定  

Determination of Slaughtering,Meat Quality and Chemical Components of Weining Cattle and Its Hybrid Cattle

作　　者：邹茂华 罗清云 吴燕[2] 肖纯猛 张依裕[2] ZOU Maohua;LUO Qingyun;WU Yan;XIAO Chunmeng;ZHANG Yiyu(Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Qianxi County,Qianxi Guizhou 551500,China;College of Animal Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Nayong County,Bijie Guizhou 553300,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省黔西市农业农村局,贵州黔西551500 [2]贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省毕节市纳雍县农业农村局,贵州毕节553300

出　　处：《现代畜牧科技》2023年第6期1-4,共4页Modern Animal Husbandry Science & Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2360号)。

摘　　要：随机选择2~2.5岁的威宁黄牛、安格斯(♂)×威宁黄牛(♀)F1(安威杂)、利木赞(♂)×威宁黄牛(♀)F1(利威杂)、西门塔尔(♂)×威宁黄牛(♀)F1(西威杂)公牛各3头,进行屠宰性能测定和肉品质研究。结果表明:威宁黄牛公牛的宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重、骨重、净肉率和屠宰率均显著低于安威杂、利威杂和西威杂公牛(P<0.05),安威杂公牛的宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重均显著低于利威杂和西威杂(P<0.05);威宁黄牛和安威杂的常规肉质指标中失水率和滴水损失显著低于西威杂(P<0.05);威宁黄牛背最长肌中的蛋白质含量显著低于其他组别(P<0.05),粗脂肪显著高于其他组别(P<0.05),安威杂显著高于利威杂和西威杂(P<0.05)。结果显示,西威杂后代屠宰性能优于安威杂,常规肉质优劣总体表现出威宁黄牛>安威杂>利威杂>西威杂。Three bulls between 2 and 2.5 years old of Weining cattle,Angus(♂)×Weining cattle(♀)F1(Anwei hybrid),Limousin(♂)×Weining cattle(♀)F1(Liwei hybrid),and Simmental(♂)×Weining cattle(♀)F1(Xiwei hybrid)were randomly selected for slaughter performance and meat quality study.The results showed that the preslaughter weight,carcass weight,net meat weight,bone weight,net meat percentage and slaughter rate of Weining cattle were significantly lower than Anwei hybrid,Liwei hybrid and Xiwei hybrid(P<0.05).The preslaughter weight,carcass weight and net meat weight of Anwei hybrid bulls were significantly lower than Liwei hybrid and Siwei hybrid(P<0.05).The water loss rate and drip loss of Weining cattle and Anwei hybrid were significantly lower than Xiwei hybrid(P<0.05).The protein and crude fat content in longissimus dorsi muscle of Weining cattle was significantly lower and higher than other groups,respectively(P<0.05).Moreover,the crude fat content of Anwei hybrid was significantly higher than Liwei and Siwei hybrid(P<0.05).The study suggested that the slaughter performance of Xiwei hybrid was better than Anwei hybrid,and the quality of conventional meat showed Weining cattle>Anwei hybrid>Liwei hybrid>Xiwei hybrid.

关 键 词：威宁黄牛 杂交组合 屠宰 肉品质 肌肉化学成分 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]