甲午战争后晚清翻译界对国民尚武精神的培养  

Translators'Cultivation of Chinese Martialism in the Late Qing Dynasty after the Sino⁃Japanese War of 1894-1895

作　　者：苏艳[1] SU Yan

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学外国语学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《解放军外国语学院学报》2023年第3期96-104,F0003,共10页Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国翻译理论发展史研究”(20&ZD312)。

摘　　要：甲午战争后,翻译界反思认为,国民柔懦是国家贫弱的深层原因,提升国民尚武之气为救国之要义。基于军事和文化自卫,军国民教育兴起。在此背景下,改良派和革命派译者充分挖掘本土游侠传统,译介进化论和激进思想,翻译多种类型文本来培养国民的尚武精神,并赋予尚武精神以爱国崇军、竞争冒险、侠风高扬和暴力革命的时代内涵。本研究有助于了解甲午战争后中国翻译界的文化和政治心态。This article tentatively probes into Chinese translators'cultural mentality and political inclination after the Sino⁃Japanese War of 1894—1895 in the Late Qing Dynasty.Reflecting on the war,Chinese intellectuals ascribed the poverty and weakness of the state to effeminate national characteristics and concluded that boosting martialism was essential to national salvation.Therefore,they devoted themselves to military education for military and cultural self⁃defense.While translating various types of texts to cultivate nationals'martialism,they revived China's ancient swordsmen's images and introduced evolutionism and radicalism.Their translations defined martialism as an inclination to patriotism,competitiveness,adventurousness,valor and violence.This study probes into Chinese translators'cultural mentality and political inclination after the war.

关 键 词：翻译 晚清 进化论 尚武精神 军国民教育 

分 类 号：H315.9[语言文字—英语]